잇브다

Middle Korean

Etymology

From 잋다 (ich-ta, “to weary”) +‎ 브 (-pu-, adjective-deriving suffix).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ispɨta/

Adjective

잇브다〮 (ìspùtá) (infinitive 잇버〮 (ìspé), sequential 잇브니〮 (ìspùní))

1. to be tired, to be weary, to be exhausted

   Synonym: 슈고(受苦)롭다 (syukwo-lwopta)

   • 1459, 月印釋譜 / 월인석보, page 21b:115b:

     衆(쥬ᇰ〮)生(ᄉᆡᇰ)ᄋᆞᆯ〮 度(또〮)脫(퇄〮)ᄒᆞ〮샤〮 잇부〮믈〮 마〯디〮 아니〮 ᄒᆞ〮시〮ᄂᆞ니〮

     CYÚNG.SÒYNG-ól TTWÓ.THWÁL-hósyá ìspwúm-úl mǎtí àní hósínòní

     He liberates the sentient beings from craving, he does not refrain from being weary [for this task]

Usage notes

• This term was already becoming less used for at least some speakers by the 1580s, when a republished edition of an earlier work revised it to the more familiar loanword 슈고롭다 (syukwo-lwopta), from Chinese 受苦 (MC dzyuwX khuX, “suffer”). On the other hand, it continues to be attested into the late nineteenth century.
• The irregular conjugation 잇〮분〯 (íspwǔn), with high pitch in the first syllable, is attested in Worin seokbo 22:109a.

Descendants

• Early Modern Korean: 잇부다 (ispwuta)