익숙하다

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Korean 닉숙다 (Yale: nikswuk-ta), from 닉— (Yale: nik-, whence modern 익— (ik-, “to be skilled/familiar”)) + 숙(熟) (Yale: swuk) + —다 (Yale: -ta). Speakers have later inserted the adjective-deriving suffix 하다 (-hada), first attested in the late Early Modern period.

Equivalent to modern 익숙 (iksuk) +‎ 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [iks͈ukʰa̠da̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [익쑤카다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	iksukhada
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	igsughada
McCune–Reischauer?	iksukhada
Yale Romanization?	ik.swuk.hata

Adjective

익숙하다 • (iksukhada) (infinitive 익숙해 or 익숙하여, sequential 익숙하니)

1. skilled
2. familiar

   그는 그 과정이 익숙했다. ― Geu-neun geu gwajeong-i iksuk-haetda. ― He was familiar with the process.

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the adjective 익숙하다 (iksukhada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	익숙하다 iksukhada	익숙해 iksukhae	익숙해요 iksukhaeyo	익숙합니다 iksukhamnida
	Past	익숙했다 iksukhaetda	익숙했어 iksukhaesseo	익숙했어요 iksukhaesseoyo	익숙했습니다 iksukhaetseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	익숙하냐 iksukhanya	익숙해 iksukhae	익숙해요 iksukhaeyo	익숙합니까 iksukhamnikka
	Past	익숙했냐 iksukhaennya	익숙했어 iksukhaesseo	익숙했어요 iksukhaesseoyo	익숙했습니까 iksukhaetseumnikka
Assertive		익숙하겠다 iksukhagetda	익숙하겠어 iksukhagesseo	익숙하겠어요 iksukhagesseoyo	익숙하겠습니다 iksukhagetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		익숙해 iksukhae	익숙해서, 익숙하여서 iksukhaeseo, iksukhayeoseo	익숙하니 iksukhani	익숙하니까 iksukhanikka
Contrast		익숙하지만 iksukhajiman	익숙한데 iksukhande	익숙하더니 iksukhadeoni
Conjunction		익숙하고 iksukhago
Condition		익숙하면 iksukhamyeon	익숙해야, 익숙하여야 iksukhaeya, iksukhayeoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		익숙함 iksukham	익숙하기 iksukhagi
Past-tense verbal nouns		익숙했음, 익숙하였음 iksukhaesseum, iksukhayeosseum	익숙했기, 익숙하였기 iksukhaetgi, iksukhayeotgi
Determiners	Present		익숙한 iksukhan
	Future		익숙할 iksukhal

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Plain (해라체)	Informal (해체)	Polite (해요체)	Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	익숙하시다 iksukhasida	익숙하셔 iksukhasyeo	익숙하세요, 익숙하셔요 iksukhaseyo, iksukhasyeoyo	익숙하십니다 iksukhasimnida
	Past	익숙하셨다 iksukhasyeotda	익숙하셨어 iksukhasyeosseo	익숙하셨어요 iksukhasyeosseoyo	익숙하셨습니다 iksukhasyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	익숙하시냐 iksukhasinya	익숙하셔 iksukhasyeo	익숙하세요, 익숙하셔요 iksukhaseyo, iksukhasyeoyo	익숙하십니까 iksukhasimnikka
	Past	익숙하셨냐 iksukhasyeonnya	익숙하셨어 iksukhasyeosseo	익숙하셨어요 iksukhasyeosseoyo	익숙하셨습니까 iksukhasyeotseumnikka
Assertive		익숙하시겠다 iksukhasigetda	익숙하시겠어 iksukhasigesseo	익숙하시겠어요 iksukhasigesseoyo	익숙하시겠습니다 iksukhasigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		익숙하셔 iksukhasyeo	익숙하셔서 iksukhasyeoseo	익숙하시니 iksukhasini	익숙하시니까 iksukhasinikka
Contrast		익숙하시지만 iksukhasijiman	익숙하신데 iksukhasinde	익숙하시더니 iksukhasideoni
Conjunction		익숙하시고 iksukhasigo
Condition		익숙하시면 iksukhasimyeon	익숙하셔야 iksukhasyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		익숙하심 iksukhasim	익숙하시기 iksukhasigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		익숙하셨음 iksukhasyeosseum	익숙하셨기 iksukhasyeotgi
Determiners	Present		익숙하신 iksukhasin
	Future		익숙하실 iksukhasil

See also

• 익숙해지다 (iksukhaejida, “to get used to; to become accustomed (to), experienced, skilled, familiarized”)