용하다

Korean

Etymology

Nativisation of the Sino-Korean term 영하다 (靈—, yeonghada, “to be supernaturally potent”).

Equivalent to 용 (yong) +‎ 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈjo(ː)ŋɦa̠da̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [용(ː)하다]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	yonghada
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	yonghada
McCune–Reischauer?	yonghada
Yale Romanization?	yōnghata

Adjective

용하다 • (yonghada) (infinitive 용해 or 용하여, sequential 용하니)

1. to be skilled, to be excellent (especially of a shaman)

   먼 무당이 용하다

   meon mudang-i yong-hada

   The grass is greener on the other side

   (literally, “The shaman from far away is more skilled (proverb)”)

   내 점이 용네. (Gyeongsang dialect, Changwon)

   Nae jeom-i yongne.

   It happened just as I thought it would.

   (literally, “My fortune-telling is skilled.”)

2. (of a task or positive event) to be accomplished or to have occurred despite difficulty or unlikely circumstances

   용하게 눈물을 참았네.

   Yong-hage nunmur-eul chamanne.

   You managed to hold in your tears.

3. (of a person) to have accomplished a difficult task

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the adjective 용하다 (yonghada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	용하다 yonghada	용해 yonghae	용해요 yonghaeyo	용합니다 yonghamnida
	Past	용했다 yonghaetda	용했어 yonghaesseo	용했어요 yonghaesseoyo	용했습니다 yonghaetseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	용하냐 yonghanya	용해 yonghae	용해요 yonghaeyo	용합니까 yonghamnikka
	Past	용했냐 yonghaennya	용했어 yonghaesseo	용했어요 yonghaesseoyo	용했습니까 yonghaetseumnikka
Assertive		용하겠다 yonghagetda	용하겠어 yonghagesseo	용하겠어요 yonghagesseoyo	용하겠습니다 yonghagetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		용해 yonghae	용해서, 용하여서 yonghaeseo, yonghayeoseo	용하니 yonghani	용하니까 yonghanikka
Contrast		용하지만 yonghajiman	용한데 yonghande	용하더니 yonghadeoni
Conjunction		용하고 yonghago
Condition		용하면 yonghamyeon	용해야, 용하여야 yonghaeya, yonghayeoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		용함 yongham	용하기 yonghagi
Past-tense verbal nouns		용했음, 용하였음 yonghaesseum, yonghayeosseum	용했기, 용하였기 yonghaetgi, yonghayeotgi
Determiners	Present		용한 yonghan
	Future		용할 yonghal

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Plain (해라체)	Informal (해체)	Polite (해요체)	Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	용하시다 yonghasida	용하셔 yonghasyeo	용하세요, 용하셔요 yonghaseyo, yonghasyeoyo	용하십니다 yonghasimnida
	Past	용하셨다 yonghasyeotda	용하셨어 yonghasyeosseo	용하셨어요 yonghasyeosseoyo	용하셨습니다 yonghasyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	용하시냐 yonghasinya	용하셔 yonghasyeo	용하세요, 용하셔요 yonghaseyo, yonghasyeoyo	용하십니까 yonghasimnikka
	Past	용하셨냐 yonghasyeonnya	용하셨어 yonghasyeosseo	용하셨어요 yonghasyeosseoyo	용하셨습니까 yonghasyeotseumnikka
Assertive		용하시겠다 yonghasigetda	용하시겠어 yonghasigesseo	용하시겠어요 yonghasigesseoyo	용하시겠습니다 yonghasigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		용하셔 yonghasyeo	용하셔서 yonghasyeoseo	용하시니 yonghasini	용하시니까 yonghasinikka
Contrast		용하시지만 yonghasijiman	용하신데 yonghasinde	용하시더니 yonghasideoni
Conjunction		용하시고 yonghasigo
Condition		용하시면 yonghasimyeon	용하셔야 yonghasyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		용하심 yonghasim	용하시기 yonghasigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		용하셨음 yonghasyeosseum	용하셨기 yonghasyeotgi
Determiners	Present		용하신 yonghasin
	Future		용하실 yonghasil