앓다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 앓다〮 (Yale: àlh-tá).

Cognate with Jeju 알르다 (alleuda). Compare Gyeongsang dialectal form 앍다 (akda).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [a̠ɭtʰa̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [알타]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	alta
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	alhda
McCune–Reischauer?	alt'a
Yale Romanization?	alhta

Verb

앓다 • (alta) (infinitive 앓아, sequential 앓으니)

1. (transitive or intransitive) to suffer from an illness

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 앓다 (alta): consonant-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	앓는다 alleunda	앓아 ara	앓아요 arayo	앓습니다 alseumnida
	Past	앓았다 aratda	앓았어 arasseo	앓았어요 arasseoyo	앓았습니다 aratseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	앓느냐 alleunya	앓아 ara	앓아요 arayo	앓습니까 alseumnikka
	Past	앓았느냐 aranneunya	앓았어 arasseo	앓았어요 arasseoyo	앓았습니까 aratseumnikka
Hortative		앓자 alcha	앓아 ara	앓아요 arayo	앓으십시다 areusipsida
Imperative		앓아라 arara	앓아 ara	앓아요 arayo	앓읍시오 areupsio
Assertive		앓겠다 alketda	앓겠어 alkesseo	앓겠어요 alkesseoyo	앓겠습니다 alketseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		앓아 ara	앓아서 araseo	앓으니 areuni	앓으니까 areunikka
Contrast		앓지만 alchiman	앓는데 alleunde	앓더니 alteoni
Conjunction		앓고 alko
Condition		앓으면 areumyeon	앓아야 araya
Motive		앓으려고 areuryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		앓음 areum	앓기 alki
Past-tense verbal nouns		앓았음 arasseum	앓았기 aratgi
Determiners	Past	앓은 areun
	Present	앓는 alleun
	Future	앓을 areul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	앓으신다 areusinda	앓으셔 areusyeo	앓으세요, 앓으셔요 areuseyo, areusyeoyo	앓으십니다 areusimnida
	Past	앓으셨다 areusyeotda	앓으셨어 areusyeosseo	앓으셨어요 areusyeosseoyo	앓으셨습니다 areusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	앓으시느냐 areusineunya	앓으셔 areusyeo	앓으세요, 앓으셔요 areuseyo, areusyeoyo	앓으십니까 areusimnikka
	Past	앓으셨느냐 areusyeonneunya	앓으셨어 areusyeosseo	앓으셨어요 areusyeosseoyo	앓으셨습니까 areusyeotseumnikka
Imperative		앓으시라 areusira	앓으셔 areusyeo	앓으세요 areuseyo	앓으십시오 areusipsio
Assertive		앓으시겠다 areusigetda	앓으시겠어 areusigesseo	앓으시겠어요 areusigesseoyo	앓으시겠습니다 areusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		앓으셔 areusyeo	앓으셔서 areusyeoseo	앓으시니 areusini	앓으시니까 areusinikka
Contrast		앓으시지만 areusijiman	앓으시는데 areusineunde	앓으시더니 areusideoni
Conjunction		앓으시고 areusigo
Condition		앓으시면 areusimyeon	앓으셔야 areusyeoya
Motive		앓으시려고 areusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		앓으심 areusim	앓으시기 areusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		앓으셨음 areusyeosseum	앓으셨기 areusyeotgi
Determiners	Past	앓으신 areusin
	Present	앓으시는 areusineun
	Future	앓으실 areusil