심하다
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]심(甚) (sim, “severe”, Sino-Korean morpheme) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈɕʰi(ː)mɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [심(ː)하다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | simhada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | simhada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | simhada |
| Yale Romanization? | sīmhata |
Adjective
[edit]심하다 • (simhada) (infinitive 심해 or 심하여, sequential 심하니, hanja 甚하다)
Conjugation
[edit]| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 심하다 simhada |
심해 simhae |
심해요 simhaeyo |
심합니다 simhamnida |
| Past | 심했다 simhaetda |
심했어 simhaesseo |
심했어요 simhaesseoyo |
심했습니다 simhaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 심하냐 simhanya |
심해 simhae |
심해요 simhaeyo |
심합니까 simhamnikka |
| Past | 심했냐 simhaennya |
심했어 simhaesseo |
심했어요 simhaesseoyo |
심했습니까 simhaetseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 심하겠다 simhagetda |
심하겠어 simhagesseo |
심하겠어요 simhagesseoyo |
심하겠습니다 simhagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 심해 simhae |
심해서, 심하여서 simhaeseo, simhayeoseo |
심하니 simhani |
심하니까 simhanikka | |
| Contrast | 심하지만 simhajiman |
심한데 simhande |
심하더니 simhadeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 심하고 simhago |
||||
| Condition | 심하면 simhamyeon |
심해야, 심하여야 simhaeya, simhayeoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 심함 simham |
심하기 simhagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 심했음, 심하였음 simhaesseum, simhayeosseum |
심했기, 심하였기 simhaetgi, simhayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 심한 simhan | |||
| Future | 심할 simhal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 심하시다 simhasida |
심하셔 simhasyeo |
심하세요, 심하셔요 simhaseyo, simhasyeoyo |
심하십니다 simhasimnida |
| Past | 심하셨다 simhasyeotda |
심하셨어 simhasyeosseo |
심하셨어요 simhasyeosseoyo |
심하셨습니다 simhasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 심하시냐 simhasinya |
심하셔 simhasyeo |
심하세요, 심하셔요 simhaseyo, simhasyeoyo |
심하십니까 simhasimnikka |
| Past | 심하셨냐 simhasyeonnya |
심하셨어 simhasyeosseo |
심하셨어요 simhasyeosseoyo |
심하셨습니까 simhasyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 심하시겠다 simhasigetda |
심하시겠어 simhasigesseo |
심하시겠어요 simhasigesseoyo |
심하시겠습니다 simhasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 심하셔 simhasyeo |
심하셔서 simhasyeoseo |
심하시니 simhasini |
심하시니까 simhasinikka | |
| Contrast | 심하시지만 simhasijiman |
심하신데 simhasinde |
심하시더니 simhasideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 심하시고 simhasigo |
||||
| Condition | 심하시면 simhasimyeon |
심하셔야 simhasyeoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 심하심 simhasim |
심하시기 simhasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 심하셨음 simhasyeosseum |
심하셨기 simhasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 심하신 simhasin | |||
| Future | 심하실 simhasil | ||||