삼가다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 삼가다. Compare 생기다 (saenggida).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [sʰa̠mɡa̠da̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [삼가다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	samgada
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	samgada
McCune–Reischauer?	samgada
Yale Romanization?	samkata

Verb

삼가다 • (samgada) (infinitive 삼가, sequential 삼가니)

1. to refrain from, eschew, forgo
2. be careful, be watchful, mind

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 삼가다 (samgada): vowel-stem, 가(ga)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	삼간다 samganda	삼가 samga	삼가요 samgayo	삼갑니다 samgamnida
	Past	삼갔다 samgatda	삼갔어 samgasseo	삼갔어요 samgasseoyo	삼갔습니다 samgatseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	삼가느냐 samganeunya	삼가 samga	삼가요 samgayo	삼갑니까 samgamnikka
	Past	삼갔느냐 samganneunya	삼갔어 samgasseo	삼갔어요 samgasseoyo	삼갔습니까 samgatseumnikka
Hortative		삼가자 samgaja	삼가 samga	삼가요 samgayo	삼가십시다 samgasipsida
Imperative		삼가거라, 삼가라 samgageora, samgara	삼가 samga	삼가요 samgayo	삼갑시오 samgapsio
Assertive		삼가겠다 samgagetda	삼가겠어 samgagesseo	삼가겠어요 samgagesseoyo	삼가겠습니다 samgagetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		삼가 samga	삼가서 samgaseo	삼가니 samgani	삼가니까 samganikka
Contrast		삼가지만 samgajiman	삼가는데 samganeunde	삼가더니 samgadeoni
Conjunction		삼가고 samgago
Condition		삼가면 samgamyeon	삼가야 samgaya
Motive		삼가려고 samgaryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		삼감 samgam	삼가기 samgagi
Past-tense verbal nouns		삼갔음 samgasseum	삼갔기 samgatgi
Determiners	Past	삼간 samgan
	Present	삼가는 samganeun
	Future	삼갈 samgal

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	삼가신다 samgasinda	삼가셔 samgasyeo	삼가세요, 삼가셔요 samgaseyo, samgasyeoyo	삼가십니다 samgasimnida
	Past	삼가셨다 samgasyeotda	삼가셨어 samgasyeosseo	삼가셨어요 samgasyeosseoyo	삼가셨습니다 samgasyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	삼가시느냐 samgasineunya	삼가셔 samgasyeo	삼가세요, 삼가셔요 samgaseyo, samgasyeoyo	삼가십니까 samgasimnikka
	Past	삼가셨느냐 samgasyeonneunya	삼가셨어 samgasyeosseo	삼가셨어요 samgasyeosseoyo	삼가셨습니까 samgasyeotseumnikka
Imperative		삼가시라 samgasira	삼가셔 samgasyeo	삼가세요 samgaseyo	삼가십시오 samgasipsio
Assertive		삼가시겠다 samgasigetda	삼가시겠어 samgasigesseo	삼가시겠어요 samgasigesseoyo	삼가시겠습니다 samgasigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		삼가셔 samgasyeo	삼가셔서 samgasyeoseo	삼가시니 samgasini	삼가시니까 samgasinikka
Contrast		삼가시지만 samgasijiman	삼가시는데 samgasineunde	삼가시더니 samgasideoni
Conjunction		삼가시고 samgasigo
Condition		삼가시면 samgasimyeon	삼가셔야 samgasyeoya
Motive		삼가시려고 samgasiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		삼가심 samgasim	삼가시기 samgasigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		삼가셨음 samgasyeosseum	삼가셨기 samgasyeotgi
Determiners	Past	삼가신 samgasin
	Present	삼가시는 samgasineun
	Future	삼가실 samgasil

Alternative forms

• (prosribed, nonstandard) 삼가하다 (samgahada)