삶다
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean ᄉᆞᆱ〯다〮 (Yale: sǒlm-tá).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈsʰa̠(ː)mt͈a̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [삼(ː)따]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | samda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | salmda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | samta |
| Yale Romanization? | sālmta |
Verb
[edit]| Base | 삶다 (samda) |
|---|---|
| Passive | 삶기다 (samgida) |
삶다 • (samda) (infinitive 삶아, sequential 삶으니) (transitive)
- to boil; to cook (in boiling water)
- 삶은 계란 ― salmeun gyeran ― boiled egg
- to coax, to buy/win over (a person)
- to harrow (a field)
Conjugation
[edit] Selected forms of the verb 삶다 (samda): consonant-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 삶는다 samneunda |
삶아 salma |
삶아요 salmayo |
삶습니다 samseumnida |
| Past | 삶았다 salmatda |
삶았어 salmasseo |
삶았어요 salmasseoyo |
삶았습니다 salmatseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 삶느냐 samneunya |
삶아 salma |
삶아요 salmayo |
삶습니까 samseumnikka |
| Past | 삶았느냐 salmanneunya |
삶았어 salmasseo |
삶았어요 salmasseoyo |
삶았습니까 salmatseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 삶자 samja |
삶아 salma |
삶아요 salmayo |
삶으십시다 salmeusipsida | |
| Imperative | 삶아라 salmara |
삶아 salma |
삶아요 salmayo |
삶읍시오 salmeupsio | |
| Assertive | 삶겠다 samgetda |
삶겠어 samgesseo |
삶겠어요 samgesseoyo |
삶겠습니다 samgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 삶아 salma |
삶아서 salmaseo |
삶으니 salmeuni |
삶으니까 salmeunikka | |
| Contrast | 삶지만 samjiman |
삶는데 samneunde |
삶더니 samdeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 삶고 samgo |
||||
| Condition | 삶으면 salmeumyeon |
삶아야 salmaya |
|||
| Motive | 삶으려고 salmeuryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 삶음 salmeum |
삶기 samgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 삶았음 salmasseum |
삶았기 salmatgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 삶은 salmeun | |||
| Present | 삶는 samneun | ||||
| Future | 삶을 salmeul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 삶으신다 salmeusinda |
삶으셔 salmeusyeo |
삶으세요, 삶으셔요 salmeuseyo, salmeusyeoyo |
삶으십니다 salmeusimnida |
| Past | 삶으셨다 salmeusyeotda |
삶으셨어 salmeusyeosseo |
삶으셨어요 salmeusyeosseoyo |
삶으셨습니다 salmeusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 삶으시느냐 salmeusineunya |
삶으셔 salmeusyeo |
삶으세요, 삶으셔요 salmeuseyo, salmeusyeoyo |
삶으십니까 salmeusimnikka |
| Past | 삶으셨느냐 salmeusyeonneunya |
삶으셨어 salmeusyeosseo |
삶으셨어요 salmeusyeosseoyo |
삶으셨습니까 salmeusyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 삶으시라 salmeusira |
삶으셔 salmeusyeo |
삶으세요 salmeuseyo |
삶으십시오 salmeusipsio | |
| Assertive | 삶으시겠다 salmeusigetda |
삶으시겠어 salmeusigesseo |
삶으시겠어요 salmeusigesseoyo |
삶으시겠습니다 salmeusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 삶으셔 salmeusyeo |
삶으셔서 salmeusyeoseo |
삶으시니 salmeusini |
삶으시니까 salmeusinikka | |
| Contrast | 삶으시지만 salmeusijiman |
삶으시는데 salmeusineunde |
삶으시더니 salmeusideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 삶으시고 salmeusigo |
||||
| Condition | 삶으시면 salmeusimyeon |
삶으셔야 salmeusyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 삶으시려고 salmeusiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 삶으심 salmeusim |
삶으시기 salmeusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 삶으셨음 salmeusyeosseum |
삶으셨기 salmeusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 삶으신 salmeusin | |||
| Present | 삶으시는 salmeusineun | ||||
| Future | 삶으실 salmeusil | ||||