두르다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 두르다〮 (Yale: twùlù-tá).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [tuɾɯda̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [두르다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	dureuda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	duleuda
McCune–Reischauer?	turŭda
Yale Romanization?	twuluta

Verb

Korean verb set

Base	두르다 (dureuda)
Passive	둘리다 (dullida)

두르다 • (dureuda) (infinitive 둘러, sequential 두르니)

1. to surround, to wrap, to wear
2. to turn, to revolve
3. to control
4. to deceive

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 두르다 (dureuda): vowel-stem, 르(reu)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	두른다 dureunda	둘러 dulleo	둘러요 dulleoyo	두릅니다 dureumnida
	Past	둘렀다 dulleotda	둘렀어 dulleosseo	둘렀어요 dulleosseoyo	둘렀습니다 dulleotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	두르느냐 dureuneunya	둘러 dulleo	둘러요 dulleoyo	두릅니까 dureumnikka
	Past	둘렀느냐 dulleonneunya	둘렀어 dulleosseo	둘렀어요 dulleosseoyo	둘렀습니까 dulleotseumnikka
Hortative		두르자 dureuja	둘러 dulleo	둘러요 dulleoyo	두르십시다 dureusipsida
Imperative		둘러라 dulleora	둘러 dulleo	둘러요 dulleoyo	두릅시오 dureupsio
Assertive		두르겠다 dureugetda	두르겠어 dureugesseo	두르겠어요 dureugesseoyo	두르겠습니다 dureugetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		둘러 dulleo	둘러서 dulleoseo	두르니 dureuni	두르니까 dureunikka
Contrast		두르지만 dureujiman	두르는데 dureuneunde	두르더니 dureudeoni
Conjunction		두르고 dureugo
Condition		두르면 dureumyeon	둘러야 dulleoya
Motive		두르려고 dureuryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		두름 dureum	두르기 dureugi
Past-tense verbal nouns		둘렀음 dulleosseum	둘렀기 dulleotgi
Determiners	Past	두른 dureun
	Present	두르는 dureuneun
	Future	두를 dureul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	두르신다 dureusinda	두르셔 dureusyeo	두르세요, 두르셔요 dureuseyo, dureusyeoyo	두르십니다 dureusimnida
	Past	두르셨다 dureusyeotda	두르셨어 dureusyeosseo	두르셨어요 dureusyeosseoyo	두르셨습니다 dureusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	두르시느냐 dureusineunya	두르셔 dureusyeo	두르세요, 두르셔요 dureuseyo, dureusyeoyo	두르십니까 dureusimnikka
	Past	두르셨느냐 dureusyeonneunya	두르셨어 dureusyeosseo	두르셨어요 dureusyeosseoyo	두르셨습니까 dureusyeotseumnikka
Imperative		두르시라 dureusira	두르셔 dureusyeo	두르세요 dureuseyo	두르십시오 dureusipsio
Assertive		두르시겠다 dureusigetda	두르시겠어 dureusigesseo	두르시겠어요 dureusigesseoyo	두르시겠습니다 dureusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		두르셔 dureusyeo	두르셔서 dureusyeoseo	두르시니 dureusini	두르시니까 dureusinikka
Contrast		두르시지만 dureusijiman	두르시는데 dureusineunde	두르시더니 dureusideoni
Conjunction		두르시고 dureusigo
Condition		두르시면 dureusimyeon	두르셔야 dureusyeoya
Motive		두르시려고 dureusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		두르심 dureusim	두르시기 dureusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		두르셨음 dureusyeosseum	두르셨기 dureusyeotgi
Determiners	Past	두르신 dureusin
	Present	두르시는 dureusineun
	Future	두르실 dureusil

Derived terms

• 꺼두르다 (kkeodureuda)
• 내두르다 (naedureuda)
• 에두르다 (edureuda)
• 휘두르다 (hwidureuda)

Middle Korean

Etymology

Perhaps from *둘〯 (*twǔl-, “to turn”, ablaut pair of 돌〯다〮 (twǒltá)) +‎ 으 (-u-, causative suffix), or perhaps directly an ablaut pair from 도르다〮 (twòlùtá, “to turn something”).

Pronunciation

• (Morphophonemic) IPA^(key): ⫽tùlɨ̀tá⫽
• Dongguk Jeongun: [두르다]

Verb

두르다 (twuluta)

1. to go around, to surround

Descendants

• Korean: 두르다 (dureuda)