끼다

Korean

Etymology 1

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean ᄢᅵ〮다〮 (Yale: pskí-tá).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [k͈ida̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [끼다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	kkida
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	kkida
McCune–Reischauer?	kkida
Yale Romanization?	kkita

Verb

Korean verb set

Base	끼다 (kkida)
Passive	끼이다 (kkiida)

끼다 • (kkida) (infinitive 껴 or 끼어, sequential 끼니) (transitive)

1. to insert, to fasten, to put in; to hold between

   Synonym: 끼우다 (kkiuda)

2. to wear, to put on (glasses, gloves, rings)

   Synonym: 끼우다 (kkiuda)

3. to fold, to cross (arms or hands)
4. (usually in the form 끼고 (kkigo)) to keep close; to go along/alongside

   해변을 낀 도로 ― haebyeon-eul kkin doro ― a road that goes along the seashore

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 끼다 (kkida): vowel-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	낀다 kkinda	껴 kkyeo	껴요, 끼어요 kkyeoyo, kkieoyo	낍니다 kkimnida
	Past	꼈다 kkyeotda	꼈어 kkyeosseo	꼈어요 kkyeosseoyo	꼈습니다 kkyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	끼느냐 kkineunya	껴 kkyeo	껴요, 끼어요 kkyeoyo, kkieoyo	낍니까 kkimnikka
	Past	꼈느냐 kkyeonneunya	꼈어 kkyeosseo	꼈어요 kkyeosseoyo	꼈습니까 kkyeotseumnikka
Hortative		끼자 kkija	껴 kkyeo	껴요, 끼어요 kkyeoyo, kkieoyo	끼십시다 kkisipsida
Imperative		껴라, 끼어라 kkyeora, kkieora	껴 kkyeo	껴요, 끼어요 kkyeoyo, kkieoyo	낍시오 kkipsio
Assertive		끼겠다 kkigetda	끼겠어 kkigesseo	끼겠어요 kkigesseoyo	끼겠습니다 kkigetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		껴 kkyeo	껴서, 끼어서 kkyeoseo, kkieoseo	끼니 kkini	끼니까 kkinikka
Contrast		끼지만 kkijiman	끼는데 kkineunde	끼더니 kkideoni
Conjunction		끼고 kkigo
Condition		끼면 kkimyeon	껴야, 끼어야 kkyeoya, kkieoya
Motive		끼려고 kkiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		낌 kkim	끼기 kkigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		꼈음, 끼었음 kkyeosseum, kkieosseum	꼈기, 끼었기 kkyeotgi, kkieotgi
Determiners	Past	낀 kkin
	Present	끼는 kkineun
	Future	낄 kkil

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	끼신다 kkisinda	끼셔 kkisyeo	끼세요, 끼셔요 kkiseyo, kkisyeoyo	끼십니다 kkisimnida
	Past	끼셨다 kkisyeotda	끼셨어 kkisyeosseo	끼셨어요 kkisyeosseoyo	끼셨습니다 kkisyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	끼시느냐 kkisineunya	끼셔 kkisyeo	끼세요, 끼셔요 kkiseyo, kkisyeoyo	끼십니까 kkisimnikka
	Past	끼셨느냐 kkisyeonneunya	끼셨어 kkisyeosseo	끼셨어요 kkisyeosseoyo	끼셨습니까 kkisyeotseumnikka
Imperative		끼시라 kkisira	끼셔 kkisyeo	끼세요 kkiseyo	끼십시오 kkisipsio
Assertive		끼시겠다 kkisigetda	끼시겠어 kkisigesseo	끼시겠어요 kkisigesseoyo	끼시겠습니다 kkisigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		끼셔 kkisyeo	끼셔서 kkisyeoseo	끼시니 kkisini	끼시니까 kkisinikka
Contrast		끼시지만 kkisijiman	끼시는데 kkisineunde	끼시더니 kkisideoni
Conjunction		끼시고 kkisigo
Condition		끼시면 kkisimyeon	끼셔야 kkisyeoya
Motive		끼시려고 kkisiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		끼심 kkisim	끼시기 kkisigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		끼셨음 kkisyeosseum	끼셨기 kkisyeotgi
Determiners	Past	끼신 kkisin
	Present	끼시는 kkisineun
	Future	끼실 kkisil

Etymology 2

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean ᄭᅵ〮다〮 (Yale: skí-tá).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈk͈i(ː)da̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [끼(ː)다]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	kkida
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	kkida
McCune–Reischauer?	kkida
Yale Romanization?	kkīta

Verb

끼다 • (kkida) (infinitive 껴 or 끼어, sequential 끼니) (intransitive)

1. (of fog, smoke, etc.) to shroud, to envelop, to permeate
2. (of cloud) to cloud over
3. (of dust, moss, rust, dirt, mould, etc.) to form, to gather

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 끼다 (kkida): vowel-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	낀다 kkinda	껴 kkyeo	껴요, 끼어요 kkyeoyo, kkieoyo	낍니다 kkimnida
	Past	꼈다 kkyeotda	꼈어 kkyeosseo	꼈어요 kkyeosseoyo	꼈습니다 kkyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	끼느냐 kkineunya	껴 kkyeo	껴요, 끼어요 kkyeoyo, kkieoyo	낍니까 kkimnikka
	Past	꼈느냐 kkyeonneunya	꼈어 kkyeosseo	꼈어요 kkyeosseoyo	꼈습니까 kkyeotseumnikka
Hortative		끼자 kkija	껴 kkyeo	껴요, 끼어요 kkyeoyo, kkieoyo	끼십시다 kkisipsida
Imperative		껴라, 끼어라 kkyeora, kkieora	껴 kkyeo	껴요, 끼어요 kkyeoyo, kkieoyo	낍시오 kkipsio
Assertive		끼겠다 kkigetda	끼겠어 kkigesseo	끼겠어요 kkigesseoyo	끼겠습니다 kkigetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		껴 kkyeo	껴서, 끼어서 kkyeoseo, kkieoseo	끼니 kkini	끼니까 kkinikka
Contrast		끼지만 kkijiman	끼는데 kkineunde	끼더니 kkideoni
Conjunction		끼고 kkigo
Condition		끼면 kkimyeon	껴야, 끼어야 kkyeoya, kkieoya
Motive		끼려고 kkiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		낌 kkim	끼기 kkigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		꼈음, 끼었음 kkyeosseum, kkieosseum	꼈기, 끼었기 kkyeotgi, kkieotgi
Determiners	Past	낀 kkin
	Present	끼는 kkineun
	Future	낄 kkil

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	끼신다 kkisinda	끼셔 kkisyeo	끼세요, 끼셔요 kkiseyo, kkisyeoyo	끼십니다 kkisimnida
	Past	끼셨다 kkisyeotda	끼셨어 kkisyeosseo	끼셨어요 kkisyeosseoyo	끼셨습니다 kkisyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	끼시느냐 kkisineunya	끼셔 kkisyeo	끼세요, 끼셔요 kkiseyo, kkisyeoyo	끼십니까 kkisimnikka
	Past	끼셨느냐 kkisyeonneunya	끼셨어 kkisyeosseo	끼셨어요 kkisyeosseoyo	끼셨습니까 kkisyeotseumnikka
Imperative		끼시라 kkisira	끼셔 kkisyeo	끼세요 kkiseyo	끼십시오 kkisipsio
Assertive		끼시겠다 kkisigetda	끼시겠어 kkisigesseo	끼시겠어요 kkisigesseoyo	끼시겠습니다 kkisigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		끼셔 kkisyeo	끼셔서 kkisyeoseo	끼시니 kkisini	끼시니까 kkisinikka
Contrast		끼시지만 kkisijiman	끼시는데 kkisineunde	끼시더니 kkisideoni
Conjunction		끼시고 kkisigo
Condition		끼시면 kkisimyeon	끼셔야 kkisyeoya
Motive		끼시려고 kkisiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		끼심 kkisim	끼시기 kkisigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		끼셨음 kkisyeosseum	끼셨기 kkisyeotgi
Determiners	Past	끼신 kkisin
	Present	끼시는 kkisineun
	Future	끼실 kkisil

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈk͈i(ː)da̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [끼(ː)다]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	kkida
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	kkida
McCune–Reischauer?	kkida
Yale Romanization?	kkīta

Verb

Korean verb set

Base	끼다 (kkida)
Passive	끼다 (kkida)

끼다 • (kkida) (infinitive 껴 or 끼어, sequential 끼니) (intransitive)

1. Contraction of 끼이다 (kkiida, “to be stuck/caught in/between; to join, to become part of”).

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 끼다 (kkida): vowel-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	낀다 kkinda	껴 kkyeo	껴요, 끼어요 kkyeoyo, kkieoyo	낍니다 kkimnida
	Past	꼈다 kkyeotda	꼈어 kkyeosseo	꼈어요 kkyeosseoyo	꼈습니다 kkyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	끼느냐 kkineunya	껴 kkyeo	껴요, 끼어요 kkyeoyo, kkieoyo	낍니까 kkimnikka
	Past	꼈느냐 kkyeonneunya	꼈어 kkyeosseo	꼈어요 kkyeosseoyo	꼈습니까 kkyeotseumnikka
Hortative		끼자 kkija	껴 kkyeo	껴요, 끼어요 kkyeoyo, kkieoyo	끼십시다 kkisipsida
Imperative		껴라, 끼어라 kkyeora, kkieora	껴 kkyeo	껴요, 끼어요 kkyeoyo, kkieoyo	낍시오 kkipsio
Assertive		끼겠다 kkigetda	끼겠어 kkigesseo	끼겠어요 kkigesseoyo	끼겠습니다 kkigetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		껴 kkyeo	껴서, 끼어서 kkyeoseo, kkieoseo	끼니 kkini	끼니까 kkinikka
Contrast		끼지만 kkijiman	끼는데 kkineunde	끼더니 kkideoni
Conjunction		끼고 kkigo
Condition		끼면 kkimyeon	껴야, 끼어야 kkyeoya, kkieoya
Motive		끼려고 kkiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		낌 kkim	끼기 kkigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		꼈음, 끼었음 kkyeosseum, kkieosseum	꼈기, 끼었기 kkyeotgi, kkieotgi
Determiners	Past	낀 kkin
	Present	끼는 kkineun
	Future	낄 kkil

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	끼신다 kkisinda	끼셔 kkisyeo	끼세요, 끼셔요 kkiseyo, kkisyeoyo	끼십니다 kkisimnida
	Past	끼셨다 kkisyeotda	끼셨어 kkisyeosseo	끼셨어요 kkisyeosseoyo	끼셨습니다 kkisyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	끼시느냐 kkisineunya	끼셔 kkisyeo	끼세요, 끼셔요 kkiseyo, kkisyeoyo	끼십니까 kkisimnikka
	Past	끼셨느냐 kkisyeonneunya	끼셨어 kkisyeosseo	끼셨어요 kkisyeosseoyo	끼셨습니까 kkisyeotseumnikka
Imperative		끼시라 kkisira	끼셔 kkisyeo	끼세요 kkiseyo	끼십시오 kkisipsio
Assertive		끼시겠다 kkisigetda	끼시겠어 kkisigesseo	끼시겠어요 kkisigesseoyo	끼시겠습니다 kkisigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		끼셔 kkisyeo	끼셔서 kkisyeoseo	끼시니 kkisini	끼시니까 kkisinikka
Contrast		끼시지만 kkisijiman	끼시는데 kkisineunde	끼시더니 kkisideoni
Conjunction		끼시고 kkisigo
Condition		끼시면 kkisimyeon	끼셔야 kkisyeoya
Motive		끼시려고 kkisiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		끼심 kkisim	끼시기 kkisigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		끼셨음 kkisyeosseum	끼셨기 kkisyeotgi
Determiners	Past	끼신 kkisin
	Present	끼시는 kkisineun
	Future	끼실 kkisil