ꜥpj

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ɑːpi/
  • Conventional anglicization: api

Verb

 3ae inf.

1. (transitive) to pass through (+ ḥr: to pass by)

Inflection

Conjugation of ꜥpj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: ꜥp, geminated stem: ꜥpp

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural ꜥpt, ꜥpj ꜥpw, ꜥp ꜥpt, ꜥpwt, ꜥpyt ꜥp ꜥp, ꜥpy ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 ꜥp8, ꜥpp8 ḥr ꜥpt, ḥr ꜥpj m ꜥpt, m ꜥpj r ꜥpt, r ꜥpj suffix conjugation aspect / mood active passive contingent aspect / mood active passive perfect ꜥp.n ꜥpw, ꜥp, ꜥpy consecutive ꜥp.jn active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 terminative ꜥpt, ꜥpyt perfective3 ꜥp active + .tj1, .tw2 obligative1 ꜥp.ḫr active + .tj1, .tw2 imperfective ꜥp, ꜥpy active + .tj1, .tw2 prospective3 ꜥpw, ꜥp, ꜥpy ꜥpw, ꜥp, ꜥpy potentialis1 ꜥp.kꜣ active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 subjunctive ꜥp, ꜥpy active + .tj1, .tw2 verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active passive active passive perfect ꜥp.n active + .tj1, .tw2 — — perfective ꜥpw1, ꜥpy, ꜥp active + .tj1, .tw2 ꜥp ꜥpy, ꜥp imperfective ꜥpp, ꜥppy, ꜥppw5 active + .tj1, .tw2 ꜥpp, ꜥppj6, ꜥppy6 ꜥpp, ꜥppw5 prospective ꜥpw1, ꜥpy, ꜥp, ꜥptj7 — ꜥpwtj1 4, ꜥptj4, ꜥpt4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine. 8 Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Verb

 3ae inf.

1. (intransitive) to fly [Late Period and Greco-Roman Period]

Inflection

Conjugation of ꜥpj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: ꜥp, geminated stem: ꜥpp

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural ꜥpt, ꜥpj ꜥpw, ꜥp ꜥpt, ꜥpwt, ꜥpyt ꜥp ꜥp, ꜥpy ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 ꜥp8, ꜥpp8 ḥr ꜥpt, ḥr ꜥpj m ꜥpt, m ꜥpj r ꜥpt, r ꜥpj suffix conjugation aspect / mood active contingent aspect / mood active perfect ꜥp.n consecutive ꜥp.jn terminative ꜥpt, ꜥpyt perfective3 ꜥp obligative1 ꜥp.ḫr imperfective ꜥp, ꜥpy prospective3 ꜥpw, ꜥp, ꜥpy potentialis1 ꜥp.kꜣ subjunctive ꜥp, ꜥpy verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active active passive perfect ꜥp.n — — perfective ꜥpw1, ꜥpy, ꜥp ꜥp ꜥpy, ꜥp imperfective ꜥpp, ꜥppy, ꜥppw5 ꜥpp, ꜥppj6, ꜥppy6 ꜥpp, ꜥppw5 prospective ꜥpw1, ꜥpy, ꜥp, ꜥptj7 ꜥpwtj1 4, ꜥptj4, ꜥpt4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine. 8 Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Synonyms

• ꜥẖj
• pꜣj

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 457.
• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 179.7–179.15, 179.17–179.21