ꜥꜣb

Egyptian

Pronunciation

(modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ɑːʔɑb/
- Conventional anglicization: aab

Verb

3-lit.

(intransitive, of things) to be(come) pleasing or desirable [Middle Kingdom literature]
(intransitive, of people) to be(come) pleasant, agreeable [Pyramid Texts to 18th Dynasty]
(intransitive, of people) to be(come) self-pleasing, selfish [Middle Kingdom literature]

Inflection

Conjugation of ꜥꜣb (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ꜥꜣb, geminated stem: ꜥꜣbb

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
ꜥꜣb	ꜥꜣbw, ꜥꜣb	ꜥꜣbt	ꜥꜣb	ꜥꜣb

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
ꜥꜣb	ḥr ꜥꜣb	m ꜥꜣb	r ꜥꜣb

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
aspect / mood	active	aspect / mood	active
perfect	ꜥꜣb.n	consecutive	ꜥꜣb.jn
terminative	ꜥꜣbt	consecutive	ꜥꜣb.jn
perfective³	ꜥꜣb	obligative¹	ꜥꜣb.ḫr
imperfective	ꜥꜣb	obligative¹	ꜥꜣb.ḫr
prospective³	ꜥꜣb	potentialis¹	ꜥꜣb.kꜣ
subjunctive	ꜥꜣb	potentialis¹	ꜥꜣb.kꜣ

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
aspect / mood	active	active	passive
perfect	ꜥꜣb.n	—	—
perfective	ꜥꜣb	ꜥꜣb	ꜥꜣb, ꜥꜣbw⁵, ꜥꜣby⁵
imperfective	ꜥꜣb, ꜥꜣby, ꜥꜣbw⁵	ꜥꜣb, ꜥꜣbj⁶, ꜥꜣby⁶	ꜥꜣb, ꜥꜣbw⁵
prospective	ꜥꜣb, ꜥꜣbtj⁷	ꜥꜣbtj⁴, ꜥꜣbt⁴
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜥꜣb

ꜥꜣb

[Pyramid Texts]

[Middle Kingdom]

[18th Dynasty]

interpretation disputed;
see the noun below

Derived terms

ꜥꜣbt

Verb

3-lit.

(intransitive) to make an offering (+ n: to (someone)) [Late Period and Greco-Roman Period]

Inflection

Conjugation of ꜥꜣb (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ꜥꜣb, geminated stem: ꜥꜣbb

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
ꜥꜣb	ꜥꜣbw, ꜥꜣb	ꜥꜣbt	ꜥꜣb	ꜥꜣb

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
ꜥꜣb	ḥr ꜥꜣb	m ꜥꜣb	r ꜥꜣb

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
aspect / mood	active	aspect / mood	active
perfect	ꜥꜣb.n	consecutive	ꜥꜣb.jn
terminative	ꜥꜣbt	consecutive	ꜥꜣb.jn
perfective³	ꜥꜣb	obligative¹	ꜥꜣb.ḫr
imperfective	ꜥꜣb	obligative¹	ꜥꜣb.ḫr
prospective³	ꜥꜣb	potentialis¹	ꜥꜣb.kꜣ
subjunctive	ꜥꜣb	potentialis¹	ꜥꜣb.kꜣ

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
aspect / mood	active	active	passive
perfect	ꜥꜣb.n	—	—
perfective	ꜥꜣb	ꜥꜣb	ꜥꜣb, ꜥꜣbw⁵, ꜥꜣby⁵
imperfective	ꜥꜣb, ꜥꜣby, ꜥꜣbw⁵	ꜥꜣb, ꜥꜣbj⁶, ꜥꜣby⁶	ꜥꜣb, ꜥꜣbw⁵
prospective	ꜥꜣb, ꜥꜣbtj⁷	ꜥꜣbtj⁴, ꜥꜣbt⁴
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜥꜣb

ꜥꜣb

Derived terms

ꜥꜣbt

Noun

m

a kind of tree [Pyramid Texts and 18th Dynasty]

Usage notes

Some uses of this word admit of multiple possible interpretations, with some authors taking them instead as uses of the verb ‘to be(come) pleasant’ above; Faulkner reads them this way in the occurrences found in the Pyramid Texts.

Inflection

Declension of ꜥꜣb (masculine)

singular	ꜥꜣb
dual	ꜥꜣbwj
plural	ꜥꜣbw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜥꜣb

ꜥꜣbw

[18th Dynasty]

References

“ꜥꜣb (lemma ID 35310)”, “ꜥꜣb (lemma ID 35320)”, and “ꜥꜣb (lemma ID 35300)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎^[1], Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[2], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 167.6–167.8
Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 38