ꜣr

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ɑr/
  • Conventional anglicization: ar

Verb

 2-lit.

1. (transitive) to drive off, to repulse (+ ḥr or m: from) [since the Middle Kingdom]
2. (transitive) to harry or oppress (the poor)

Inflection

Conjugation of ꜣr (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: ꜣr, geminated stem: ꜣrr

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural ꜣr ꜣrw, ꜣr ꜣrt ꜣr, j.ꜣr ꜣr, j.ꜣr ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 ꜣr ḥr ꜣr m ꜣr r ꜣr suffix conjugation aspect / mood active passive contingent aspect / mood active passive perfect ꜣr.n ꜣrw, ꜣr consecutive ꜣr.jn active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 terminative ꜣrt perfective3 ꜣr active + .tj1, .tw2 obligative1 ꜣr.ḫr active + .tj1, .tw2 imperfective ꜣr, j.ꜣr1 active + .tj1, .tw2 prospective3 ꜣr ꜣrr potentialis1 ꜣr.kꜣ active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 subjunctive ꜣr, j.ꜣr1 active + .tj1, .tw2 verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active passive active passive perfect ꜣr.n active + .tj1, .tw2 — — perfective ꜣr active + .tj1, .tw2 ꜣr ꜣrr, ꜣrrj6, ꜣr2, ꜣrw2 5, ꜣry2 5 imperfective j.ꜣr1, ꜣr, ꜣry, ꜣrw5 active + .tj1, .tw2 j.ꜣr1, j.ꜣrw1 5, ꜣr, ꜣrj6, ꜣry6 ꜣr, ꜣrw5 prospective ꜣr, ꜣrtj7 — ꜣrtj4, ꜣrt4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜣr  

ꜣr	jr	ꜣjr

Derived terms

• mꜣr

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 11.9–11.16
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 3