ꜣfr

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ɑfɛr/
  • Conventional anglicization: afer

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (intransitive) to boil, to seethe [medical papyri]
2. (transitive) to boil [Greco-Roman Period]

Inflection

Conjugation of ꜣfr (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ꜣfr, geminated stem: ꜣfrr

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural ꜣfr ꜣfrw, ꜣfr ꜣfrt ꜣfr ꜣfr ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 ꜣfr ḥr ꜣfr m ꜣfr r ꜣfr suffix conjugation aspect / mood active passive contingent aspect / mood active passive perfect ꜣfr.n ꜣfrw, ꜣfr consecutive ꜣfr.jn active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 terminative ꜣfrt perfective3 ꜣfr active + .tj1, .tw2 obligative1 ꜣfr.ḫr active + .tj1, .tw2 imperfective ꜣfr active + .tj1, .tw2 prospective3 ꜣfr ꜣfrr potentialis1 ꜣfr.kꜣ active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 subjunctive ꜣfr active + .tj1, .tw2 verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active passive active passive perfect ꜣfr.n active + .tj1, .tw2 — — perfective ꜣfr active + .tj1, .tw2 ꜣfr ꜣfr, ꜣfrw5, ꜣfry5 imperfective ꜣfr, ꜣfry, ꜣfrw5 active + .tj1, .tw2 ꜣfr, ꜣfrj6, ꜣfry6 ꜣfr, ꜣfrw5 prospective ꜣfr, ꜣfrtj7 — ꜣfrtj4, ꜣfrt4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜣfr  

ꜣfr

[Greco-Roman Period]

Synonyms

• snwḫ

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 9.18–9.19
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 3