ꜣbj

Egyptian

Etymology

Borrowed from Proto-Semitic *ʔabay-. Compare Hebrew אבה (ʾāḇā, “to be willing”).

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ɑbi/
  • Conventional anglicization: abi

Verb

 3ae inf.

1. (transitive) to desire, to want, to long for (a thing, a person, or a place) [since the Middle Kingdom]
2. (transitive or rarely intransitive with n or r, with following infinitive) to want to do [since the Middle Kingdom]
3. (intransitive, with m, Late Egyptian) to take pleasure at, to be happy about [Greco-Roman Period]

Inflection

Conjugation of ꜣbj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: ꜣb, geminated stem: ꜣbb

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
ꜣbt, ꜣbj	ꜣbw, ꜣb	ꜣbt, ꜣbwt, ꜣbyt	ꜣb	ꜣb, ꜣby

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
ꜣb8, ꜣbb8	ḥr ꜣbt, ḥr ꜣbj	m ꜣbt, m ꜣbj	r ꜣbt, r ꜣbj

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	ꜣb.n	ꜣbw, ꜣb, ꜣby	consecutive	ꜣb.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	ꜣbt, ꜣbyt
perfective3	ꜣb	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	ꜣb.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	ꜣb, ꜣby	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	ꜣbw, ꜣb, ꜣby	ꜣbw, ꜣb, ꜣby	potentialis1	ꜣb.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	ꜣb, ꜣby	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	ꜣb.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	ꜣbw1, ꜣby, ꜣb	active + .tj1, .tw2	ꜣb	ꜣby, ꜣb
imperfective	ꜣbb, ꜣbby, ꜣbbw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	ꜣbb, ꜣbbj6, ꜣbby6	ꜣbb, ꜣbbw5
prospective	ꜣbw1, ꜣby, ꜣb, ꜣbtj7	—	ꜣbwtj1 4, ꜣbtj4, ꜣbt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜣbj  

ꜣbj	ꜣbj	ꜣbw	ꜣbj	ꜣbj	jbj	jꜣbj	ꜣbj
[New Kingdom, Greco-Roman Period]	[New Kingdom, Greco-Roman Period]	[New Kingdom]	[Greco-Roman Period]	[Greco-Roman Period]	[Greco-Roman Period]	[Greco-Roman Period]	[Greco-Roman Period]
		in hieratic

Derived terms

• ꜣbꜣb
• n ꜣbw
• n ꜣbb
• r ꜣbb

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 171.
• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 6.24–7.7
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 2
• Wilson, Penelope (1991) A Lexicographical Study of the Ptolemaic Texts in the Temple of Edfu, Liverpool: University of Liverpool, pages 7–8