ꜣbd

Egyptian

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ʀaˈbatʼ/ → /ʀaˈbatʼ/ → /ʔaˈbatʼ/ → /ʔaˈβatʼ/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ʀaˈbatʼ/ (singular); IPA^(key): /ʀaˈbutʼw/ or IPA^(key): /ʀaˈbuːtʼaw/ (plural)
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ʀaˈbatʼ/ (singular); IPA^(key): /ʀaˈbutʼw/ or IPA^(key): /ʀaˈbuːtʼaw/ (plural)
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ʔaˈbatʼ/ (singular); IPA^(key): /ʔaˈbutʼw/ or IPA^(key): /ʔaˈβeːtʼə/ (plural)
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ʔaˈβatʼ/ (singular); IPA^(key): /ʔaˈβøtʼə/ or IPA^(key): /ʔaˈβeːtʼ/ (plural)

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ɑbɛd/
  • Conventional anglicization: abed

Noun

 m

1. month
   • c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 173–174:

     spr.n.n r ẖnw ḥr ꜣbd snwj mj ḏdt.n.f nbt

     We arrived home in two months like everything he had said.

Inflection

Declension of ꜣbd (masculine consonant-stem)

singular	ꜣbd
dual	ꜣbdwj
plural	ꜣbdw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜣbd  

ꜣbd	ꜣbd	ꜣbd	ꜣbdw
		abbreviation in dates

Descendants

• Demotic: jbt
  • Akhmimic Coptic: ⲉⲃⲁⲧ (ebat)
  • Bohairic Coptic: ⲁⲃⲟⲧ (abot)
  • Fayyumic Coptic: ⲉⲃⲁⲧ (ebat), ⲁⲃⲁⲧ (abat)
  • Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲉⲃⲁⲧ (ebat)
  • Sahidic Coptic: ⲉⲃⲟⲧ (ebot)

Noun

 m

1. festival of the second day of the lunar month

Inflection

Declension of ꜣbd (masculine)

singular	ꜣbd
dual	ꜣbdwj
plural	ꜣbdw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜣbd  

ꜣbd	ꜣbd	ꜣbd	ꜣbd
	[Old Kingdom]	[Coffin Texts]	[New Kingdom]

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 107, 456.
• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 8.22, 65.5–65.10
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 2