高麗參

Chinese

		Goryeo	ginseng; take part in; participate ginseng; take part in; participate; join; attend; to join; unequal; varied; irregular; to counsel; uneven; not uniform
trad. (高麗參/高麗蔘)		高麗	參/蔘
simp. (高丽参)		高丽	参

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gāolíshēn

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄠ ㄌㄧˊ ㄕㄣ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gou¹ lai⁶ sam¹
• Gan (Wiktionary): gau¹ li sen¹
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ko-lê-song / ko-lê-sim / ko-lê-sam / ko-lê-som

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gāolíshēn
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄠ ㄌㄧˊ ㄕㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gaolíshen
    • Wade–Giles: kao¹-li²-shên¹
    • Yale: gāu-lí-shēn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gaulishen
    • Palladius: гаолишэнь (gaolišɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ li³⁵ ʂən⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gou¹ lai⁶ sam¹
    • Yale: gōu laih sām
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gou¹ lai⁶ sam¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: gou¹ lei⁶ sem¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kou̯⁵⁵ lɐi̯²² sɐm⁵⁵/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: gau¹ li sen¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kau⁴² li² sɛn⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko-lê-song
    • Tâi-lô: ko-lê-song
    • Phofsit Daibuun: koilesofng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ko⁴⁴⁻²² le²⁴⁻²² sɔŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko-lê-sim
    • Tâi-lô: ko-lê-sim
    • Phofsit Daibuun: koilesym
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ le²³⁻³³ sim⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ko⁴⁴⁻³³ le²⁴⁻¹¹ sim⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko-lê-sam
    • Tâi-lô: ko-lê-sam
    • Phofsit Daibuun: koilesafm
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ le²³⁻³³ sam⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ko⁴⁴⁻³³ le²⁴⁻¹¹ sam⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko-lê-som
    • Tâi-lô: ko-lê-som
    • Phofsit Daibuun: koilesofm
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ le²³⁻³³ sɔm⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ko⁴⁴⁻³³ le²⁴⁻¹¹ sɔm⁴⁴/

Noun

高麗參

1. Korean ginseng
2. (traditional Chinese medicine) prepared steamed root of the white ginseng

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 高麗參 (“Korean ginseng”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		高麗參
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	高麗參
	Singapore	高麗人參
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	高麗參
Cantonese	Hong Kong	高麗參
Gan	Nanchang	高麗參
Hakka	Yudu	高麗參
Southern Min	Xiamen	高麗, 高麗參
	Quanzhou	高麗
	Zhangzhou	高麗
	Tainan	高麗, 高麗參 GT
	Jieyang	高麗
Note	GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

Descendants

• → Burmese: ကောလိသိန် (kau:li.sin)
• → Malay: kolesom
  • → Indonesian: kolesom
• → Sundanese: kolésom

See also

• 補益藥／补益药 (bǔyìyào)
• 藥材／药材 (yàocái)

References

• 小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “高麗參”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary]‎^[1] (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC
• “高麗參”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.