長じる
Appearance
Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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長 |
ちょう Grade: 2 |
on'yomi |
Etymology
[edit]Shift from verb 長ずる (chōzuru), by natural progression from サ行変格活用 (sagyō henkaku katsuyō, “s-irregular conjugation”) verbs ending in -uru to 上一段活用 (kami ichidan katsuyō, “upper monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -iru.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Tokyo) ちょーじる [chòójírú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
- (Tokyo) ちょーじる [chòójíꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [3])[1]
- IPA(key): [t͡ɕo̞ːʑiɾɯ̟]
Verb
[edit]長じる • (chōjiru) intransitive ichidan (stem 長じ (chōji), past 長じた (chōjita))
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "長じる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 長じ | ちょうじ | chōji | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 長じ | ちょうじ | chōji | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 長じる | ちょうじる | chōjiru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 長じる | ちょうじる | chōjiru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 長じれ | ちょうじれ | chōjire | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 長じよ¹ 長じろ² |
ちょうじよ¹ ちょうじろ² |
chōjiyo¹ chōjiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 長じられる | ちょうじられる | chōjirareru | |
Causative | 長じさせる 長じさす |
ちょうじさせる ちょうじさす |
chōjisaseru chōjisasu | |
Potential | 長じられる 長じれる³ |
ちょうじられる ちょうじれる³ |
chōjirareru chōjireru³ | |
Volitional | 長じよう | ちょうじよう | chōjiyō | |
Negative | 長じない 長じぬ 長じん |
ちょうじない ちょうじぬ ちょうじん |
chōjinai chōjinu chōjin | |
Negative continuative | 長じず | ちょうじず | chōjizu | |
Formal | 長じます | ちょうじます | chōjimasu | |
Perfective | 長じた | ちょうじた | chōjita | |
Conjunctive | 長じて | ちょうじて | chōjite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 長じれば | ちょうじれば | chōjireba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential |
Synonyms
[edit]- 長ずる (chōzuru)
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN