空洞

Chinese

		emptied; leisure; air emptied; leisure; air; sky; empty; in vain	cave; hole
trad. (空洞)		空	洞
simp. #(空洞)		空	洞
anagram		洞空

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kōngdòng

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄥ ㄉㄨㄥˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hung¹ dung⁶

• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): khong-tōng / khang-tōng / khong-tǒng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): kong¹ tong⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kōngdòng
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄥ ㄉㄨㄥˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kongdòng
    • Wade–Giles: kʻung¹-tung⁴
    • Yale: kūng-dùng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kongdonq
    • Palladius: кундун (kundun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰʊŋ⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hung¹ dung⁶
    • Yale: hūng duhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hung¹ dung⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: hung¹ dung⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hʊŋ⁵⁵ tʊŋ²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khong-tōng
    • Tâi-lô: khong-tōng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qongdong
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tɔŋ²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰɔŋ³³ tɔŋ⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khang-tōng
    • Tâi-lô: khang-tōng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qangdong
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔŋ³³/
  • (Hokkien: Longyan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khong-tǒng
    • Tâi-lô: khong-tǒng
    • IPA (Longyan): /kʰoŋ³³⁴ toŋ⁵³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: kong¹ tong⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khong thông
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰoŋ³³⁻²³ tʰoŋ⁵⁵/

Noun

空洞

1. cavity; hole; void

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 孔 (“hole”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		孔, 洞, 穴
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		孔, 洞, 孔洞, 空洞, 空穴, 窿
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	窟窿
	Singapore	洞
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	窟窿
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	窟窿
	Wanrong	窟窿
	Xi'an	窟窿子, 窟窿
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	窟窿, 洞洞, 洞
	Wuhan	窟窿, 窟眼, 洞洞, 洞
	Liuzhou	窿
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	窟窿
	Yangzhou	洞, 窟窿
	Hefei	窟窿, 洞
Cantonese	Guangzhou	窿, 咕窿
	Hong Kong	窿, 咕窿
	Taishan	孔
	Yangjiang	窿
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	窿
	Singapore (Guangfu)	窿
Gan	Nanchang	洞
Hakka	Meixian	窿仔, 窿空仔
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	空
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	空
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	空
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	空
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	空
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	空
Jin	Taiyuan	窟窿, 窟子
Northern Min	Jian'ou	川
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	空空
Southern Min	Xiamen	空, 空口
	Quanzhou	空
	Zhangzhou	空口
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	空
	Taipei	空
	Penang (Hokkien)	空
	Singapore (Hokkien)	空
	Manila (Hokkien)	空
	Chaozhou	空
	Jieyang	空, 洞
	Haifeng	空
	Singapore (Teochew)	空
	Singapore (Hainanese)	空
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	窿
Wu	Suzhou	洞
	Wenzhou	洞, 窟, 窟窿
	Jinhua	窟窿
Xiang	Changsha	洞, 洞子
	Shuangfeng	眼貢, 洞

Adjective

空洞

1. hollow; empty
2. abstract; vacuous; hollow; shallow

Synonyms

• (hollow): 空虛／空虚 (kōngxū)
• (abstract): 抽象 (chōuxiàng)

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “abstract”): 具體／具体 (jùtǐ)

Derived terms

• 空空洞洞
• 防空洞 (fángkōngdòng)

 

References

• 郭启熹 [Guo, Qixi], editor (2016), “空洞”, in 龙岩方言词典 LONGYAN FANGYAN CIDIAN [Dictionary of Longyan dialect] (overall work in Min Nan and Mandarin), Xiamen: 鷺江出版社 [Lujiang Publishing House], →ISBN, page 487.

Japanese

Kanji in this term
空	洞
くう Grade: 1	どう Grade: S
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kɯ̟ːdo̞ː]

Noun

空(くう)洞(どう) • (kūdō) 

1. a hollow
   • 1924, 小川未明, 赤い船のお客:

     笛(ふえ)の中(なか)は、ただ一本(いっぽん)の空洞(くうどう)の竹(たけ)にしかすぎませんでした。

     Fue no naka wa, tada ippon no kūdō no take ni shika sugimasen deshita.

     The inside of the flute was nothing more than the hollow of a piece of bamboo.

2. cave