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欲する

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Japanese

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Kanji in this term
ほっ
Grade: 6
kun'yomi

Etymology

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/porisu//posːu//posːuru/

Sound shift from classical verb (ほり) (horisu),[1][2][3][4] in turn from the (れん)(よう)(けい) (ren'yōkei, stem or continuative form) of the verb () (horu, to wish for, to desire). + (su, precursor to modern する (suru, to do)).[2][4]

The sense "to attempt to" is a calque of Classical Chinese .

First attested in ideographic form in the Nihon Shoki of 720,[2] and in phonetic spelling in the Man'yōshū of 759.[5]

Pronunciation

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Verb

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(ほっ)する (hossurutransitive suru (stem (ほっ) (hosshi), past (ほっ)した (hosshita))

  1. [from 720] to want, to desire
    目的(もくてき)(ほっ)する
    mokuteki o hossuru
    desire one's goal
  2. [from 1104] (literary) in the form 欲す (-n to hossu) (after the 未然形 (mizenkei, incomplete form) of a verb): to attempt to
    (しょう)()んと(ほっ)すればまず(うま)()
    shō o in to hossureba mazu uma o iyo
    (idiom) to shoot the general, first shoot his horse

Conjugation

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 ”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  3. ^ 欲する”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. ^
    c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 14, poem 3383:
    , spelled in the suppositional as 保里勢牟 ⟨porisemu⟩, available online here
  6. 6.0 6.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  7. 7.0 7.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN