平上去入

Chinese

		flat; level; equal flat; level; equal; to make the same score; to tie; to draw; calm; peaceful	up; on; on top up; on; on top; upon; first; previous or last; upper; higher; above; previous; to climb; to go into; to go up	to go; to leave; to remove	to enter
trad. (平上去入)		平	上	去	入
simp. #(平上去入)		平	上	去	入

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): píngshǎngqùrù, píngshàngqùrù

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄕㄤˇ ㄑㄩˋ ㄖㄨˋ, ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄕㄤˋ ㄑㄩˋ ㄖㄨˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ping⁴ soeng⁵ heoi³ jap⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: píngshǎngqùrù
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄕㄤˇ ㄑㄩˋ ㄖㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: píngshǎngcyùrù
    • Wade–Giles: pʻing²-shang³-chʻü⁴-ju⁴
    • Yale: píng-shǎng-chyù-rù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pyngshaangchiuhruh
    • Palladius: пиншанцюйжу (pinšancjujžu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰiŋ³⁵ ʂɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐu⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: píngshàngqùrù
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄕㄤˋ ㄑㄩˋ ㄖㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: píngshàngcyùrù
    • Wade–Giles: pʻing²-shang⁴-chʻü⁴-ju⁴
    • Yale: píng-shàng-chyù-rù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pyngshanqchiuhruh
    • Palladius: пиншанцюйжу (pinšancjujžu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰiŋ³⁵ ʂɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕʰy⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐu⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ping⁴ soeng⁵ heoi³ jap⁶
    • Yale: pìhng séuhng heui yahp
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ping⁴ soeng⁵ hoey³ jap⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: ping⁴ sêng⁵ hêu³ yeb⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɪŋ²¹ sœːŋ¹³ hɵy̯³³ jɐp̚²/

Noun

平上去入

1. (Chinese phonetics) the four tones of Middle Chinese: level, rising, departing and checked

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (平上去入):

• → Japanese: 平上去入(ひょうじょうきょにゅう) (hyōjōkyonyū)

See also

The tones (of Chinese) in Mandarin · 聲調／声调 (shēngdiào) (layout · text)
	平仄 (píngzè)		平 (píng) 平聲／平声 (píngshēng)		仄 (zè) 仄聲／仄声 (zèshēng)
	平上去入 (píngshǎngqùrù) 四聲／四声 (sìshēng)		平 (píng) 平聲／平声 (píngshēng)		上 (shǎng) 上聲／上声 (shǎngshēng)		去 (qù) 去聲／去声 (qùshēng)		入 (rù) 入聲／入声 (rùshēng)
標調方法／标调方法 (biāodiào fāngfǎ) 標調法／标调法	四角標調法／四角标调法		꜀◌		꜂◌		◌꜄		◌꜆
	[Term?]		◌〪		◌〫		◌〬		◌〭
	傍點／傍点		∅		◌〮		◌〯		∅
	四聲八調／四声八调		陰平／阴平 (yīnpíng)	陽平／阳平 (yángpíng)	陰上／阴上 (yīnshǎng)	陽上／阳上 (yángshǎng)	陰去／阴去 (yīnqù)	陽去／阳去 (yángqù)	陰入／阴入 (yīnrù)	陽入／阳入 (yángrù)
	陰／阴 (yīn)	陽／阳 (yáng)
標調方法／标调方法 (biāodiào fāngfǎ) 標調法／标调法	四角標調法／四角标调法		꜀◌	꜁◌	꜂◌	꜃◌	◌꜄	◌꜅	◌꜆	◌꜇

The tones (of Standard Mandarin) in Mandarin · 聲調／声调 (shēngdiào) (layout · text)
四聲／四声 (sìshēng)	陰平／阴平 (yīnpíng) 一聲／一声		陽平／阳平 (yángpíng) 二聲／二声 (èrshēng)		上聲／上声 (shǎngshēng) 三聲／三声 (sānshēng)		去聲／去声 (qùshēng) 四聲／四声 (sìshēng)		輕聲／轻声 (qīngshēng)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
平	上	去	入
ひょう Grade: 3	じょう Grade: 1	きょ Grade: 3	にゅう Grade: 1
kan'yōon	goon	kan'on	goon

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 平上去入 (píngshǎngqùrù).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ひょーじょーきょにゅう [hyòójóókyónyúú] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ço̞ːʑo̞ːkʲo̞ɲ̟ɨː]

Noun

平(ひょう)上(じょう)去(きょ)入(にゅう) • (hyōjōkyonyū) ^{←ひやうじやうきよにふ (fyauzyaukyonifu)?}

1. (Chinese phonetics) the four tones of Middle Chinese:
   1. 平声 (hyōshō, “level tone”)
   2. 上声 (jōshō, “rising tone”)
   3. 去声 (kyoshō, “departing tone”)
   4. 入声 (nisshō, “checked tone”)

See also

The tones (of Chinese) in Japanese · 声調(せいちょう) (seichō) (layout · text)
	平仄(ひょうそく) (hyōsoku)		平声(ひょうしょう) (hyōshō)		仄声(そくせい) (sokusei)
	四声(しせい) (shisei) 平上去入(ひょうじょうきょにゅう) (hyōjōkyonyū)		平声(ひょうしょう) (hyōshō)		上声(じょうしょう) (jōshō)		去声(きょしょう) (kyoshō)		入声(にっしょう) (nisshō)
[Term?]	[Term?]		꜀◌		꜂◌		◌꜄		◌꜆
	[Term?]		◌〪		◌〫		◌〬		◌〭
	[Term?]		∅		◌〮		◌〯		∅
	[Term?]		[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]
	[Term?]	[Term?]
[Term?]	[Term?]		꜀◌	꜁◌	꜂◌	꜃◌	◌꜄	◌꜅	◌꜆	◌꜇

The tones (of Standard Mandarin) in Japanese · 声調(せいちょう) (seichō) (layout · text)
四声(しせい) (shisei)	第一声(だいいっせい) (daīssei)		第二声(だいにせい) (dainisei)		第三声(だいさんせい) (daisansei)		第四声(だいよんせい) (daiyonsei)		軽声(けいせい) (keisei)