土音

Chinese

		earth; dust; rural earth; dust; rural; uncouth; uncultured; plebeian	sound; noise; news
simp. and trad. (土音)		土	音

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tǔyīn

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨˇ ㄧㄣ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tou² jam¹
• Puxian Min (Xianyou, Pouseng Ping'ing): tou³ ing¹
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thó͘-im

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tǔyīn
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄨˇ ㄧㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tǔyin
    • Wade–Giles: tʻu³-yin¹
    • Yale: tǔ-yīn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tuuin
    • Palladius: туинь (tuinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ in⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: tou² jam¹
    • Yale: tóu yām
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tou² jam¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: tou² yem¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰou̯³⁵ jɐm⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: tou³ ing¹ [Phonetic: tou⁵ ing¹]
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɔu³³²⁻²¹ iŋ⁵³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thó͘-im
    • Tâi-lô: thóo-im
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tofym
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ im⁴⁴/

Noun

土音

1. local accent
2. (Xiamen Hokkien) vernacular pronunciation

Synonyms

• (vernacular pronunciation): (Hokkien) 土白音

References

• 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “土音”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 546.