因む
Japanese
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 因 |
| ちな Grade: 5 |
| kun'yomi |
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]因む • (chinamu) intransitive godan (stem 因み (chinami), past 因んだ (chinanda))
- be associated with, be connected with
Usage notes
[edit]This term is often spelled in hiragana.
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "因む" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 因ま | ちなま | chinama |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 因み | ちなみ | chinami |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 因む | ちなむ | chinamu |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 因む | ちなむ | chinamu |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 因め | ちなめ | chiname |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 因め | ちなめ | chiname |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 因まれる | ちなまれる | chinamareru |
| Causative | 因ませる 因ます |
ちなませる ちなます |
chinamaseru chinamasu |
| Potential | 因める | ちなめる | chinameru |
| Volitional | 因もう | ちなもう | chinamō |
| Negative | 因まない | ちなまない | chinamanai |
| Negative continuative | 因まず | ちなまず | chinamazu |
| Formal | 因みます | ちなみます | chinamimasu |
| Perfective | 因んだ | ちなんだ | chinanda |
| Conjunctive | 因んで | ちなんで | chinande |
| Hypothetical conditional | 因めば | ちなめば | chinameba |
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 因ま | ちなま | tinama |
| Continuative (連用形) | 因み | ちなみ | tinami |
| Terminal (終止形) | 因む | ちなむ | tinamu |
| Attributive (連体形) | 因む | ちなむ | tinamu |
| Realis (已然形) | 因め | ちなめ | tiname |
| Imperative (命令形) | 因め | ちなめ | tiname |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | 因まず | ちなまず | tinamazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 因めど | ちなめど | tinamedo |
| Causal conjunction | 因めば | ちなめば | tinameba |
| Conditional conjunction | 因まば | ちなまば | tinamaba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 因みき | ちなみき | tinamiki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 因みけり | ちなみけり | tinamikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 因みつ | ちなみつ | tinamitu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 因みぬ | ちなみぬ | tinaminu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 因めり 因みたり |
ちなめり ちなみたり |
tinameri tinamitari |
| Volitional | 因まむ | ちなまむ | tinamamu |
Derived terms
[edit]- 因みに (chinamini)
References
[edit]- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN