任じる
Appearance
Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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任 |
にん Grade: 5 |
on'yomi |
Etymology
[edit]Shift from verb 任ずる (ninzuru), by natural progression from サ行変格活用 (sagyō henkaku katsuyō, “s-irregular conjugation”) verbs ending in -uru to 上一段活用 (kami ichidan katsuyō, “upper monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -iru.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Tokyo) にんじる [nìńjírú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
- (Tokyo) にんじる [nìńjíꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [3])[1]
- IPA(key): [ɲ̟ĩɲ̟d͡ʑiɾɯ̟]
Verb
[edit]任じる • (ninjiru) intransitive ichidan (stem 任じ (ninji), past 任じた (ninjita))
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "任じる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 任じ | にんじ | ninji | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 任じ | にんじ | ninji | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 任じる | にんじる | ninjiru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 任じる | にんじる | ninjiru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 任じれ | にんじれ | ninjire | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 任じよ¹ 任じろ² |
にんじよ¹ にんじろ² |
ninjiyo¹ ninjiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 任じられる | にんじられる | ninjirareru | |
Causative | 任じさせる 任じさす |
にんじさせる にんじさす |
ninjisaseru ninjisasu | |
Potential | 任じられる 任じれる³ |
にんじられる にんじれる³ |
ninjirareru ninjireru³ | |
Volitional | 任じよう | にんじよう | ninjiyō | |
Negative | 任じない 任じぬ 任じん |
にんじない にんじぬ にんじん |
ninjinai ninjinu ninjin | |
Negative continuative | 任じず | にんじず | ninjizu | |
Formal | 任じます | にんじます | ninjimasu | |
Perfective | 任じた | にんじた | ninjita | |
Conjunctive | 任じて | にんじて | ninjite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 任じれば | にんじれば | ninjireba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential |
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN