チャック
Japanese
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]
Derived from the chaku portion of the term 巾着 (kinchaku, “kinchaku”),[1] possibly in reference to an early use of zippers in Japan as closures for kinchaku. Originally a trademark,[1][2][3][4][5] sold in Japan under this trademark from around 1927.[6]
First cited to 1946,[3] but considering the history, likely in use a couple decades earlier.
See also 
線ファスナー on the Japanese Wikipedia.Wikipedia ja
While unrelated to チャック (chakku) in reference to mechanical devices, both share an underlying sense of "fastening".
Noun
[edit]- [from 1946, possibly from 1927] a zipper, a zip fastener
Synonyms
[edit]- ファスナー (fasunā, “fastener”, general reference, may include other fasteners)
- 線ファスナー (sen fasunā, “line fastener”, more specifically, not including other fasteners)
- ジッパー (jippā, “zipper”)
- ジップファスナー (jippu fasunā, “zip fastener”)
Etymology 2
[edit]
Borrowing from English chuck.[1][2][3][7]
First cited to 1948.[3]
While unrelated to チャック (chakku) in reference to zippers, both share an underlying sense of "fastening".
Noun
[edit]- [from 1948] a chuck: a kind of clamp on a drill, lathe, or other spinning mechanical device that holds an object in place, such as a bit or other tool, or the object to be worked on
- Synonym: チャック装置 (chakku sōchi, literally “chuck device”)
Verb
[edit]チャックする • (chakku suru) suru (stem チャックし (chakku shi), past チャックした (chakku shita))
Conjugation
[edit]| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | チャックし | chakku shi | ||
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | チャックし | chakku shi | ||
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | チャックする | chakku suru | ||
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | チャックする | chakku suru | ||
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | チャックすれ | chakku sure | ||
| Meireikei ("imperative") | チャックせよ¹ チャックしろ² |
chakku seyo¹ chakku shiro² | ||
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | チャックされる | chakku sareru | ||
| Causative | チャックさせる チャックさす |
chakku saseru chakku sasu | ||
| Potential | チャックできる | chakku dekiru | ||
| Volitional | チャックしよう | chakku shiyō | ||
| Negative | チャックしない | chakku shinai | ||
| Negative continuative | チャックせず | chakku sezu | ||
| Formal | チャックします | chakku shimasu | ||
| Perfective | チャックした | chakku shita | ||
| Conjunctive | チャックして | chakku shite | ||
| Hypothetical conditional | チャックすれば | chakku sureba | ||
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 “チャック”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
- ^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
- ^ “ファスナー”, in ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典 (Buritanika Kokusai Dai Hyakka Jiten: Shō Kōmoku Jiten, “Encyclopædia Britannica International: Micropædia”)[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Britannica Japan Co., Ltd., 2014
- ^ “ファスナー”, in 百科事典マイペディア (Hyakka Jiten Maipedia, “Encyclopedia Mypedia”)[3] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Heibonsha, 2009
- ^ “チャック”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen][4] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months