ほたえる
Japanese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From early modern form ほたゆ (hotayu). Compare Kantō dialect ほだく (hodaku, “(derogatory) to say; to make noise; to joke around”), ほざく (hozaku, “(derogatory) to say”) and Old Japanese 呪く (<posaku> → hosaku, “to curse”).
Verb
[edit]ほたえる • (hotaeru) intransitive ichidan (stem ほたえ (hotae), past ほたえた (hotaeta))
- (dialectal, chiefly Kansai, Chūgoku and Shikoku) to be noisy, to clown around, to cut up
- (obsolete) to behave in a spoiled manner, to be puffed up
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "ほたえる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | ほたえ | hotae | ||
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | ほたえ | hotae | ||
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | ほたえる | hotaeru | ||
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | ほたえる | hotaeru | ||
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | ほたえれ | hotaere | ||
| Meireikei ("imperative") | ほたえよ¹ ほたえろ² |
hotaeyo¹ hotaero² | ||
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | ほたえられる | hotaerareru | ||
| Causative | ほたえさせる ほたえさす |
hotaesaseru hotaesasu | ||
| Potential | ほたえられる ほたえれる³ |
hotaerareru hotaereru³ | ||
| Volitional | ほたえよう | hotaeyō | ||
| Negative | ほたえない ほたえぬ ほたえん |
hotaenai hotaenu hotaen | ||
| Negative continuative | ほたえず | hotaezu | ||
| Formal | ほたえます | hotaemasu | ||
| Perfective | ほたえた | hotaeta | ||
| Conjunctive | ほたえて | hotaete | ||
| Hypothetical conditional | ほたえれば | hotaereba | ||
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential | ||||