とおざける
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Japanese
[edit]| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 遠ざける |
Etymology
[edit]From 遠 (tō, “far”) + 避ける (sakeru, “avoid”), originally the active counterpart of 離る (sakaru, “separate, depart, distance from”). The sakeru changes to zakeru as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]とおざける • (tōzakeru) transitive ichidan (stem とおざけ (tōzake), past とおざけた (tōzaketa))
| Japanese verb pair | |
|---|---|
| active | とおざける |
| mediopassive | とおざかる |
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "とおざける" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | とおざけ | tōzake | ||
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | とおざけ | tōzake | ||
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | とおざける | tōzakeru | ||
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | とおざける | tōzakeru | ||
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | とおざけれ | tōzakere | ||
| Meireikei ("imperative") | とおざけよ¹ とおざけろ² |
tōzakeyo¹ tōzakero² | ||
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | とおざけられる | tōzakerareru | ||
| Causative | とおざけさせる とおざけさす |
tōzakesaseru tōzakesasu | ||
| Potential | とおざけられる とおざけれる³ |
tōzakerareru tōzakereru³ | ||
| Volitional | とおざけよう | tōzakeyō | ||
| Negative | とおざけない とおざけぬ とおざけん |
tōzakenai tōzakenu tōzaken | ||
| Negative continuative | とおざけず | tōzakezu | ||
| Formal | とおざけます | tōzakemasu | ||
| Perfective | とおざけた | tōzaketa | ||
| Conjunctive | とおざけて | tōzakete | ||
| Hypothetical conditional | とおざければ | tōzakereba | ||
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential | ||||
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | とおざけ | とほざけ | tofozake |
| Continuative (連用形) | とおざけ | とほざけ | tofozake |
| Terminal (終止形) | とおざく | とほざく | tofozaku |
| Attributive (連体形) | とおざくる | とほざくる | tofozakuru |
| Realis (已然形) | とおざくれ | とほざくれ | tofozakure |
| Imperative (命令形) | とおざけよ | とほざけよ | tofozakeyo |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | とおざけず | とほざけず | tofozakezu |
| Contrasting conjunction | とおざくれど | とほざくれど | tofozakuredo |
| Causal conjunction | とおざくれば | とほざくれば | tofozakureba |
| Conditional conjunction | とおざけば | とほざけば | tofozakeba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | とおざけき | とほざけき | tofozakeki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | とおざけけり | とほざけけり | tofozakekeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | とおざけつ | とほざけつ | tofozaketu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | とおざけぬ | とほざけぬ | tofozakenu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | とおざけたり | とほざけたり | tofozaketari |
| Volitional | とおざけむ | とほざけむ | tofozakemu |
References
[edit]- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN