ざり

Japanese

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of ざり – see the following entry.

【砂利】 [noun] [from 1677] gravel [noun] [uncertain, possibly from early 1800s] a magistrate's office for adjudicating issues from commoners (from the rock gardens that were common at these during the Edo period) [noun] [from 1932] rice (either cooked or as raw grains)

(This term, ざり (zari), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

Contraction of ず (zu, negative continuative auxiliary) +‎ あり (ari, “to be, to exist”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [d͡za̠ɾʲi]

Suffix

ざり • (-zari) ^†-ri

1. (archaic, Classical Japanese) not, un-

Usage notes

• Attaches to the 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis form”) of verbs.

Conjugation

Classical conjugation of "ざり" (ラ行変格活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)	ざら		zara
Continuative (連用形)	ざり		zari
Terminal (終止形)	ざり		zari
Attributive (連体形)	ざる		zaru
Realis (已然形)	ざれ		zare
Imperative (命令形)	ざれ		zare
Key constructions
Negative	ざらず		zarazu
Contrasting conjunction	ざれど		zaredo
Causal conjunction	ざれば		zareba
Conditional conjunction	ざらば		zaraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)	ざりき		zariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)	ざりけり		zarikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action)	ざりつ		zaritu
Perfect tense (natural event)	ざりぬ		zarinu
Perfect-continuative tense	ざりたり[1]		zaritari
Volitional	ざらむ		zaramu
[1]Often proscribed due to a redundancy of having 2 あり.

Derived terms

• ざる (zaru)

Etymology 3

Contraction of ぞ (zo) +‎ あり (ari, “to be, to exist”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [d͡za̠ɾʲi]

Verb

ざり • (zari) ^†-ri

1. is, are

Conjugation

Classical conjugation of "ざり" (ラ行変格活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)	ざら		zara
Continuative (連用形)	ざり		zari
Terminal (終止形)	ざり		zari
Attributive (連体形)	ざる		zaru
Realis (已然形)	ざれ		zare
Imperative (命令形)	ざれ		zare
Key constructions
Negative	ざらず		zarazu
Contrasting conjunction	ざれど		zaredo
Causal conjunction	ざれば		zareba
Conditional conjunction	ざらば		zaraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)	ざりき		zariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)	ざりけり		zarikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action)	ざりつ		zaritu
Perfect tense (natural event)	ざりぬ		zarinu
Perfect-continuative tense	ざりたり[1]		zaritari
Volitional	ざらむ		zaramu
[1]Often proscribed due to a redundancy of having 2 あり.

Derived terms

• にざりける (nizarikeru)