ⲧⲱⲡⲉ

Coptic

Etymology

From Egyptian (dp, “to taste”).

Verb

ⲧⲱⲡⲉ • (tōpe) (nominal state ⲧⲱⲡ- or ⲧⲉⲡ-, pronominal state ⲧⲱⲡ⸗ or ⲧⲟⲡ⸗)

1. (Sahidic, intransitive) to taste

   Synonym: ϫⲓϯⲡⲉ (čitipe)

Conjugation

Conjugation of ⲧⲱⲡⲉ (Sahidic dialect)

infinitive	affirmative	ⲧⲱⲡⲉ tōpe	imperative	affirmative	ⲧⲱⲡⲉ tōpe
	negative	ⲧⲙ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ tm̄tōpe		negative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ m̄pr̄tōpe

			singular					plural			nominal
			1st person	2nd person		3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
				masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
durative sentence
			ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ	-
present	basic		ϯⲧⲱⲡⲉ titōpe	ⲕⲧⲱⲡⲉ ktōpe	ⲧⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ tetōpe	ϥⲧⲱⲡⲉ ftōpe	ⲥⲧⲱⲡⲉ stōpe	ⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ tn̄tōpe	ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ tetn̄tōpe	ⲥⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ setōpe	ⲧⲱⲡⲉ tōpe
	circumstantial, focalising		ⲉⲓ̈ⲧⲱⲡⲉ eïtōpe	ⲉⲕⲧⲱⲡⲉ ektōpe	ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ eretōpe	ⲉϥⲧⲱⲡⲉ eftōpe	ⲉⲥⲧⲱⲡⲉ estōpe	ⲉⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ entōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ etetn̄tōpe	ⲉⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ eutōpe	ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ ere- tōpe
	relative		ⲉϯⲧⲱⲡⲉ etitōpe	ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ etk̄tōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ etetōpe, eteretōpe	ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ etf̄tōpe	ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ ets̄tōpe	ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ etn̄tōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ etetn̄tōpe	ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ etoutōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ etere- tōpe
	preterite		ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲧⲱⲡⲉ neïtōpe	ⲛⲉⲕⲧⲱⲡⲉ nektōpe	ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ neretōpe	ⲛⲉϥⲧⲱⲡⲉ neftōpe	ⲛⲉⲥⲧⲱⲡⲉ nestōpe	ⲛⲉⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ nentōpe	ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ netetn̄tōpe	ⲛⲉⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ neutōpe	ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ nere- tōpe
future	basic		ϯⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ tinatōpe	ⲕⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ knatōpe	ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ tenatōpe	ϥⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ fnatōpe	ⲥⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ snatōpe	ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ tn̄natōpe	ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ tetnatōpe	ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ senatōpe	ⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ natōpe
	circumstantial, focalising		ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ eïnatōpe	ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ eknatōpe	ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ erenatōpe	ⲉϥⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ efnatōpe	ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ esnatōpe	ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ ennatōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ etetnatōpe	ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ eunatōpe	ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ ere- natōpe
	relative		ⲉϯⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ etinatōpe	ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ etk̄natōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ etenatōpe, eterenatōpe	ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ etf̄natōpe	ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ ets̄natōpe	ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ etn̄natōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ etetnatōpe	ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ etounatōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ etere- natōpe
	preterite		ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ neïnatōpe	ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ neknatōpe	ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ nerenatōpe	ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ nefnatōpe	ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ nesnatōpe	ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ nennatōpe	ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ netetnatōpe	ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ neunatōpe	ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ nere- natōpe
negated with			(ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an
non-durative sentence
			ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ	-
past	basic	affirmative	ⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱⲡⲉ aïtōpe	ⲁⲕⲧⲱⲡⲉ aktōpe	ⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲁⲣⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ atōpe, artōpe, aretōpe	ⲁϥⲧⲱⲡⲉ aftōpe	ⲁⲥⲧⲱⲡⲉ astōpe	ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ antōpe	ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ atetn̄tōpe	ⲁⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ autōpe	ⲁ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ a- tōpe
		negative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲧⲱⲡⲉ m̄pitōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ m̄pk̄tōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ m̄petōpe, m̄pr̄tōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ m̄pf̄tōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ m̄ps̄tōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ m̄pn̄tōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ m̄petn̄tōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ m̄poutōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ m̄pe- tōpe
	circumstantial	affirmative	ⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱⲡⲉ eaïtōpe	ⲉⲁⲕⲧⲱⲡⲉ eaktōpe	ⲉⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲁⲣⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ eatōpe, eartōpe, earetōpe	ⲉⲁϥⲧⲱⲡⲉ eaftōpe	ⲉⲁⲥⲧⲱⲡⲉ eastōpe	ⲉⲁⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ eantōpe	ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ eatetn̄tōpe	ⲉⲁⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ eautōpe	ⲉⲁ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ ea- tōpe
		negative	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲧⲱⲡⲉ em̄pitōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ em̄pk̄tōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ em̄petōpe, em̄pr̄tōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ em̄pf̄tōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ em̄ps̄tōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ em̄pn̄tōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ em̄petn̄tōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ em̄poutōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ em̄pe- tōpe
	relative	affirmative	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱⲡⲉ entaïtōpe, n̄taïtōpe	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲧⲱⲡⲉ entaktōpe, n̄taktōpe	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ entatōpe, n̄tatōpe, entartōpe, n̄tartōpe, entaretōpe, n̄taretōpe	ⲉⲛⲧⲁϥⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲧⲱⲡⲉ entaftōpe, n̄taftōpe	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲥⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲧⲱⲡⲉ entastōpe, n̄tastōpe	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ entantōpe, n̄tantōpe	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ entatetn̄tōpe, n̄tatetn̄tōpe	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ entautōpe, n̄tautōpe	ⲉⲛⲧⲁ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ enta- tōpe, n̄ta- tōpe
		negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲧⲱⲡⲉ etem̄pitōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ etem̄pk̄tōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ etem̄petōpe, etem̄pr̄tōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ etem̄pf̄tōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ etem̄ps̄tōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ etem̄pn̄tōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ etem̄petn̄tōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ etem̄poutōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ etem̄pe- tōpe
	preterite	affirmative	ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱⲡⲉ neaïtōpe	ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲧⲱⲡⲉ neaktōpe	ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ neatōpe, neartōpe, nearetōpe	ⲛⲉⲁϥⲧⲱⲡⲉ neaftōpe	ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲧⲱⲡⲉ neastōpe	ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ neantōpe	ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ neatetn̄tōpe	ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ neautōpe	ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ nea- tōpe
		negative	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲧⲱⲡⲉ nem̄pitōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ nem̄pk̄tōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ nem̄petōpe, nem̄pr̄tōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ nem̄pf̄tōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ nem̄ps̄tōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ nem̄pn̄tōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ nem̄petn̄tōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ nem̄poutōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ nem̄pe- tōpe
	focalising	affirmative	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄taïtōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄taktōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄tatōpe, n̄tartōpe, n̄taretōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄taftōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄tastōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄tantōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄tatetn̄tōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄tautōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄ta- tōpe
expectative	basic	negative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲧⲱⲡⲉ m̄patitōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ m̄patk̄tōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ m̄patetōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ m̄patf̄tōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ m̄pats̄tōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ m̄patn̄tōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ m̄patetn̄tōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ m̄patoutōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ m̄pate- tōpe
	circumstantial	negative	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲧⲱⲡⲉ em̄patitōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ em̄patk̄tōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ em̄patetōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ em̄patf̄tōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ em̄pats̄tōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ em̄patn̄tōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ em̄patetn̄tōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ em̄patoutōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ em̄pate- tōpe
	relative	negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲧⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patitōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patk̄tōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patetōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patf̄tōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ etem̄pats̄tōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patn̄tōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patetn̄tōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patoutōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ etem̄pate- tōpe
	preterite	negative	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲧⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patitōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patk̄tōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patetōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patf̄tōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ nem̄pats̄tōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patn̄tōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patetn̄tōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patoutōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ nem̄pate- tōpe
aorist	basic	affirmative	ϣⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱⲡⲉ šaïtōpe	ϣⲁⲕⲧⲱⲡⲉ šaktōpe	ϣⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ šaretōpe	ϣⲁϥⲧⲱⲡⲉ šaftōpe	ϣⲁⲥⲧⲱⲡⲉ šastōpe	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ šantōpe	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ šatetn̄tōpe	ϣⲁⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ šautōpe	ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ šare- tōpe
		negative	ⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲧⲱⲡⲉ meïtōpe	ⲙⲉⲕⲧⲱⲡⲉ mektōpe	ⲙⲉⲣⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ meretōpe	ⲙⲉϥⲧⲱⲡⲉ meftōpe	ⲙⲉⲥⲧⲱⲡⲉ mestōpe	ⲙⲉⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ mentōpe	ⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ metetn̄tōpe	ⲙⲉⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ meutōpe	ⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ mere- tōpe
	circumstantial	affirmative	ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱⲡⲉ ešaïtōpe	ⲉϣⲁⲕⲧⲱⲡⲉ ešaktōpe	ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ ešaretōpe	ⲉϣⲁϥⲧⲱⲡⲉ ešaftōpe	ⲉϣⲁⲥⲧⲱⲡⲉ ešastōpe	ⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ ešantōpe	ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ ešatetn̄tōpe	ⲉϣⲁⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ ešautōpe	ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ ešare- tōpe
		negative	ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲧⲱⲡⲉ emeïtōpe	ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲧⲱⲡⲉ emektōpe	ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ emeretōpe	ⲉⲙⲉϥⲧⲱⲡⲉ emeftōpe	ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲧⲱⲡⲉ emestōpe	ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ ementōpe	ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ emetetn̄tōpe	ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ emeutōpe	ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ emere- tōpe
	relative	affirmative	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱⲡⲉ etešaïtōpe, ešaïtōpe	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲕⲧⲱⲡⲉ etešaktōpe, ešaktōpe	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ etešaretōpe, ešaretōpe	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁϥⲧⲱⲡⲉ etešaftōpe, ešaftōpe	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲥⲧⲱⲡⲉ etešastōpe, ešastōpe	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ etešantōpe, ešantōpe	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ etešatetn̄tōpe, ešatetn̄tōpe	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ etešautōpe, ešautōpe	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ etešare- tōpe, ešare- tōpe
		negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲧⲱⲡⲉ etemeïtōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕⲧⲱⲡⲉ etemektōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ etemeretōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥⲧⲱⲡⲉ etemeftōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥⲧⲱⲡⲉ etemestōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ etementōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ etemetetn̄tōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ etemeutōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ etemere- tōpe
	preterite	affirmative	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱⲡⲉ nešaïtōpe	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲧⲱⲡⲉ nešaktōpe	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ nešaretōpe	ⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲧⲱⲡⲉ nešaftōpe	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲧⲱⲡⲉ nešastōpe	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ nešantōpe	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ nešatetn̄tōpe	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ nešautōpe	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ nešare- tōpe
		negative	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲧⲱⲡⲉ nemeïtōpe	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕⲧⲱⲡⲉ nemektōpe	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ nemeretōpe	ⲛⲉⲙⲉϥⲧⲱⲡⲉ nemeftōpe	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥⲧⲱⲡⲉ nemestōpe	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ nementōpe	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ nemetetn̄tōpe	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ nemeutōpe	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ nemere- tōpe
	focalising	affirmative	ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲧⲱⲡⲉ emeïtōpe	ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲧⲱⲡⲉ emektōpe	ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ emeretōpe	ⲉⲙⲉϥⲧⲱⲡⲉ emeftōpe	ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲧⲱⲡⲉ emestōpe	ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ ementōpe	ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ emetetn̄tōpe	ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ emeutōpe	ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ emere- tōpe
optative	basic	affirmative	ⲉⲓ̈ⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ eïetōpe	ⲉⲕⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ eketōpe	ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ eretōpe	ⲉϥⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ efetōpe	ⲉⲥⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ esetōpe	ⲉⲛⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ enetōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ etetnetōpe	ⲉⲩⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ euetōpe	ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ ere- tōpe
		negative	ⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄natōpe	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲕⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄nektōpe	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄netōpe	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϥⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄neftōpe	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲥⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄nestōpe	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄nentōpe	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄netn̄tōpe	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄neutōpe	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄ne- tōpe
jussive	basic	affirmative	ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲧⲱⲡⲉ maritōpe	(use imperative)		ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲧⲱⲡⲉ mareftōpe	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲧⲱⲡⲉ marestōpe	ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ marn̄tōpe	(use imperative)	ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ maroutōpe	ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ mare- tōpe
		negative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ m̄pr̄tratōpe			ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉϥⲧⲱⲡⲉ m̄pr̄treftōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲥⲧⲱⲡⲉ m̄pr̄trestōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ m̄pr̄trentōpe		ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ m̄pr̄treutōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ m̄pr̄tre- tōpe
subordinate clause
			ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ	-
conjunctive			ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲧⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄tatōpe, tatōpe	ⲛ̄ⲅⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲕⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄gtōpe, n̄ktōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄tetōpe	ⲛ̄ϥⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄ftōpe	ⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄stōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄tn̄tōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄tetn̄tōpe	ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄setōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄te- tōpe
future conjunctive			ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲧⲱⲡⲉ taritōpe	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲧⲱⲡⲉ tarektōpe	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ taretōpe	ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲧⲱⲡⲉ tareftōpe	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲧⲱⲡⲉ tarestōpe	ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ tarn̄tōpe	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ taretn̄tōpe	ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ taroutōpe	ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ tare- tōpe
precursive			ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲓⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄teritōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲕⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄terektōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲣⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄teretōpe, n̄terertōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉϥⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄tereftōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲥⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄terestōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄tern̄tōpe, n̄terentōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄teretn̄tōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲟⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄teroutōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ n̄tere- tōpe
limitative			ϣⲁⲛϯⲧⲱⲡⲉ šantitōpe	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ šantk̄tōpe	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ šantetōpe	ϣⲁⲛⲧϥ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ šantf̄tōpe	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ šants̄tōpe	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ šantn̄tōpe	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ šantetn̄tōpe	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ šantoutōpe	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ šante- tōpe
conditional	long		ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ eïšantōpe	ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ ekšantōpe	ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ eršantōpe, erešantōpe	ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ efšantōpe	ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ esšantōpe	ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ enšantōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲁⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ etetn̄šantōpe	ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ eušantōpe	ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ eršan- tōpe
	short		ⲉⲓ̈ⲧⲱⲡⲉ eïtōpe	ⲉⲕⲧⲱⲡⲉ ektōpe	ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲱⲡⲉ eretōpe	ⲉϥⲧⲱⲡⲉ eftōpe	ⲉⲥⲧⲱⲡⲉ estōpe	ⲉⲛⲧⲱⲡⲉ entōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲡⲉ etetn̄tōpe	ⲉⲩⲧⲱⲡⲉ eutōpe	ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱⲡⲉ ere- tōpe
negated with			ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄-

References

• TLA lemma no. C4418 (ⲧⲱⲡⲉ), in: Coptic Dictionary Online, ed. by the Koptische/Coptic Electronic Language and Literature International Alliance (KELLIA), (accessed 2024-09-12).
• Marcion Coptic dictionary