ῥαφίς

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ῥαπίς (rhapís) — Doric

Etymology

From ῥάπτω (rháptō, “to sew”) +‎ -ῐ́ς (-ĭ́s).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /r̥a.pʰís/ → /raˈɸis/ → /raˈfis/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /r̥a.pʰís/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /raˈpʰis/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /raˈɸis/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /raˈfis/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /raˈfis/

Noun

ῥαφῐ́ς • (rhaphĭ́s) f (genitive ῥαφῐ́δος); third declension

1. needle

   Synonym: βελόνη (belónē)

2. garfish, sea needle (Belone belone)

Declension

Third declension of ἡ ῥαφῐ́ς; τῆς ῥαφῐ́δος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ῥαφῐ́ς hē rhaphĭ́s	τὼ ῥαφῐ́δε tṑ rhaphĭ́de	αἱ ῥαφῐ́δες hai rhaphĭ́des
Genitive	τῆς ῥαφῐ́δος tês rhaphĭ́dos	τοῖν ῥαφῐ́δοιν toîn rhaphĭ́doin	τῶν ῥαφῐ́δων tôn rhaphĭ́dōn
Dative	τῇ ῥαφῐ́δῐ têi rhaphĭ́dĭ	τοῖν ῥαφῐ́δοιν toîn rhaphĭ́doin	ταῖς ῥαφῐ́σῐ / ῥαφῐ́σῐν taîs rhaphĭ́sĭ(n)
Accusative	τὴν ῥαφῐ́δᾰ tḕn rhaphĭ́dă	τὼ ῥαφῐ́δε tṑ rhaphĭ́de	τᾱ̀ς ῥαφῐ́δᾰς tā̀s rhaphĭ́dăs
Vocative	ῥαφῐ́ς rhaphĭ́s	ῥαφῐ́δε rhaphĭ́de	ῥαφῐ́δες rhaphĭ́des
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ds.

Derived terms

• ῥαφιδᾶς (rhaphidâs)
• ῥαφίδεια (rhaphídeia)
• ῥαφιδεύς (rhaphideús)
• ῥαφιδευτής (rhaphideutḗs)
• ῥαφιδευτός (rhaphideutós)
• ῥαφιδοθήκη (rhaphidothḗkē)
• ῥαφιδοποιός (rhaphidopoiós)

Descendants

• English: raphide
• Translingual: Limnoraphis, Raphidiopsis

Further reading

• “ῥαφίς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ῥαφίς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ῥαφίς in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette