ὄβριμος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ὄμβριμος (ómbrimos)

Etymology

The word is traditionally compared with βρῑ́μη (brī́mē, “strength, might”), but the initial "ὀ-" yields serious problems. The prenasalization leads Beekes to suggest a Pre-Greek origin.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ó.bri.mos/ → /ˈo.βri.mos/ → /ˈo.vri.mos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ó.bri.mos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈo.bri.mos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈo.βri.mos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈo.vri.mos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈo.vri.mos/

Adjective

ὄβρῐμος • (óbrĭmos) m (feminine ὄβρῐμος or ὀβρίμᾱ, neuter ὄβρῐμον); first/second declension

1. strong, mighty, stout

Declension

Second declension of ὄβρῐμος; ὄβρῐμον (Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ὄβρῐμος óbrĭmos	ὄβρῐμον óbrĭmon		ὀβρῐ́μω obrĭ́mō	ὀβρῐ́μω obrĭ́mō		ὄβρῐμοι óbrĭmoi	ὄβρῐμᾰ óbrĭmă
Genitive		ὀβρῐ́μου obrĭ́mou	ὀβρῐ́μου obrĭ́mou		ὀβρῐ́μοιν obrĭ́moin	ὀβρῐ́μοιν obrĭ́moin		ὀβρῐ́μων obrĭ́mōn	ὀβρῐ́μων obrĭ́mōn
Dative		ὀβρῐ́μῳ obrĭ́mōi	ὀβρῐ́μῳ obrĭ́mōi		ὀβρῐ́μοιν obrĭ́moin	ὀβρῐ́μοιν obrĭ́moin		ὀβρῐ́μοις obrĭ́mois	ὀβρῐ́μοις obrĭ́mois
Accusative		ὄβρῐμον óbrĭmon	ὄβρῐμον óbrĭmon		ὀβρῐ́μω obrĭ́mō	ὀβρῐ́μω obrĭ́mō		ὀβρῐ́μους obrĭ́mous	ὄβρῐμᾰ óbrĭmă
Vocative		ὄβρῐμε óbrĭme	ὄβρῐμον óbrĭmon		ὀβρῐ́μω obrĭ́mō	ὀβρῐ́μω obrĭ́mō		ὄβρῐμοι óbrĭmoi	ὄβρῐμᾰ óbrĭmă
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		ὀβρῐ́μως obrĭ́mōs			ὀβρῐμώτερος obrĭmṓteros			ὀβρῐμώτᾰτος obrĭmṓtătos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First and second declension of ὄβρῐμος; ὀβρῐ́μᾱ; ὄβρῐμον (Doric)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ὄβρῐμος óbrĭmos	ὀβρῐ́μᾱ obrĭ́mā	ὄβρῐμον óbrĭmon		ὀβρῐ́μω obrĭ́mō	ὀβρῐ́μᾱ obrĭ́mā	ὀβρῐ́μω obrĭ́mō		ὄβρῐμοι óbrĭmoi	ὄβρῐμαι óbrĭmai	ὄβρῐμᾰ óbrĭmă
Genitive		ὀβρῐ́μοιο obrĭ́moio	ὀβρῐ́μᾱς obrĭ́mās	ὀβρῐ́μοιο obrĭ́moio		ὀβρῐ́μοιν obrĭ́moin	ὀβρῐ́μαιν obrĭ́main	ὀβρῐ́μοιν obrĭ́moin		ὀβρῐ́μων obrĭ́mōn	ὀβρῐμᾶν obrĭmân	ὀβρῐ́μων obrĭ́mōn
Dative		ὀβρῐ́μῳ obrĭ́mōi	ὀβρῐ́μᾳ obrĭ́māi	ὀβρῐ́μῳ obrĭ́mōi		ὀβρῐ́μοιν obrĭ́moin	ὀβρῐ́μαιν obrĭ́main	ὀβρῐ́μοιν obrĭ́moin		ὀβρῐ́μοις obrĭ́mois	ὀβρῐ́μαις obrĭ́mais	ὀβρῐ́μοις obrĭ́mois
Accusative		ὄβρῐμον óbrĭmon	ὀβρῐ́μᾱν obrĭ́mān	ὄβρῐμον óbrĭmon		ὀβρῐ́μω obrĭ́mō	ὀβρῐ́μᾱ obrĭ́mā	ὀβρῐ́μω obrĭ́mō		ὀβρῐ́μους obrĭ́mous	ὀβρῐ́μᾱς obrĭ́mās	ὄβρῐμᾰ óbrĭmă
Vocative		ὄβρῐμε óbrĭme	ὀβρῐ́μᾱ obrĭ́mā	ὄβρῐμον óbrĭmon		ὀβρῐ́μω obrĭ́mō	ὀβρῐ́μᾱ obrĭ́mā	ὀβρῐ́μω obrĭ́mō		ὄβρῐμοι óbrĭmoi	ὄβρῐμαι óbrĭmai	ὄβρῐμᾰ óbrĭmă
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		ὀβρῐ́μως obrĭ́mōs				ὀβρῐμώτερος obrĭmṓteros				ὀβρῐμώτᾰτος obrĭmṓtătos
Notes:		Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

• ὀβριμόγυιος (obrimóguios)
• ὀβριμοδερκής (obrimoderkḗs)
• ὀβριμοδυνάστης (obrimodunástēs)
• ὀβριμοεργός (obrimoergós)
• ὀβρῐμόθῡμος (obrĭmóthūmos)
• ὀβριμόπαις (obrimópais)
• ὀβριμοπάτρη (obrimopátrē)
• ὀβριμόσπορος (obrimósporos)

Further reading

• “ὄβριμος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ὄβριμος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ὄβριμος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ὄβριμος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • doughty idem, page 248.
  • mighty idem, page 528.
  • potent idem, page 629.
  • powerful idem, page 630.
  • stout idem, page 821.
  • strong idem, page 827.
  • vigorous idem, page 952.
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
• “ὄβριμος”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011