ἡδύνω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From ἡδύς (hēdús, “sweet”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /hɛː.dý.nɔː/ → /iˈðy.no/ → /iˈði.no/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /hɛː.dý.nɔː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /(h)e̝ˈdy.no/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /iˈðy.no/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /iˈðy.no/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /iˈði.no/

Verb

ἡδῠ́νω • (hēdŭ́nō)

1. to season a dish
2. (figuratively) to make pleasant
3. to delight, coax, gratify

Inflection

   Present: ἡδῠ́νω, ἡδῠ́νομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἡδῠ́νω	ἡδῠ́νεις	ἡδῠ́νει	ἡδῠ́νετον	ἡδῠ́νετον	ἡδῠ́νομεν	ἡδῠ́νετε	ἡδῠ́νουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ἡδῠ́νω	ἡδῠ́νῃς	ἡδῠ́νῃ	ἡδῠ́νητον	ἡδῠ́νητον	ἡδῠ́νωμεν	ἡδῠ́νητε	ἡδῠ́νωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἡδῠ́νοιμῐ	ἡδῠ́νοις	ἡδῠ́νοι	ἡδῠ́νοιτον	ἡδῠνοίτην	ἡδῠ́νοιμεν	ἡδῠ́νοιτε	ἡδῠ́νοιεν
	imperative		ἥδῠνε	ἡδῠνέτω	ἡδῠ́νετον	ἡδῠνέτων		ἡδῠ́νετε	ἡδῠνόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ἡδῠ́νομαι	ἡδῠ́νῃ, ἡδῠ́νει	ἡδῠ́νεται	ἡδῠ́νεσθον	ἡδῠ́νεσθον	ἡδῠνόμεθᾰ	ἡδῠ́νεσθε	ἡδῠ́νονται
	subjunctive	ἡδῠ́νωμαι	ἡδῠ́νῃ	ἡδῠ́νηται	ἡδῠ́νησθον	ἡδῠ́νησθον	ἡδῠνώμεθᾰ	ἡδῠ́νησθε	ἡδῠ́νωνται
	optative	ἡδῠνοίμην	ἡδῠ́νοιο	ἡδῠ́νοιτο	ἡδῠ́νοισθον	ἡδῠνοίσθην	ἡδῠνοίμεθᾰ	ἡδῠ́νοισθε	ἡδῠ́νοιντο
	imperative		ἡδῠ́νου	ἡδῠνέσθω	ἡδῠ́νεσθον	ἡδῠνέσθων		ἡδῠ́νεσθε	ἡδῠνέσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ἡδῠ́νειν				ἡδῠ́νεσθαι
participle	m	ἡδῠ́νων				ἡδῠνόμενος
	f	ἡδῠ́νουσᾰ				ἡδῠνομένη
	n	ἡδῠ́νον				ἡδῠνόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Imperfect: ἥδῠνον, ἡδῠνόμην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἥδῠνον	ἥδῠνες	ἥδῠνε(ν)	ἡδῠ́νετον	ἡδῠνέτην	ἡδῠ́νομεν	ἡδῠ́νετε	ἥδῠνον
middle/ passive	indicative	ἡδῠνόμην	ἡδῠ́νου	ἡδῠ́νετο	ἡδῠ́νεσθον	ἡδῠνέσθην	ἡδῠνόμεθᾰ	ἡδῠ́νεσθε	ἡδῠ́νοντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: ἥδῡνᾰ, ἡδῡνᾰ́μην, ἡδῡ́νθην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἥδῡνᾰ	ἥδῡνᾰς	ἥδῡνε(ν)	ἡδῡ́νᾰτον	ἡδῡνᾰ́την	ἡδῡ́νᾰμεν	ἡδῡ́νᾰτε	ἥδῡνᾰν
	subjunctive	ἡδῡ́νω	ἡδῡ́νῃς	ἡδῡ́νῃ	ἡδῡ́νητον	ἡδῡ́νητον	ἡδῡ́νωμεν	ἡδῡ́νητε	ἡδῡ́νωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἡδῡ́ναιμῐ	ἡδῡ́νειᾰς, ἡδῡ́ναις	ἡδῡ́νειε(ν), ἡδῡ́ναι	ἡδῡ́ναιτον	ἡδῡναίτην	ἡδῡ́ναιμεν	ἡδῡ́ναιτε	ἡδῡ́νειᾰν, ἡδῡ́ναιεν
	imperative		ἥδῡνον	ἡδῡνᾰ́τω	ἡδῡ́νᾰτον	ἡδῡνᾰ́των		ἡδῡ́νᾰτε	ἡδῡνᾰ́ντων
middle	indicative	ἡδῡνᾰ́μην	ἡδῡ́νω	ἡδῡ́νᾰτο	ἡδῡ́νᾰσθον	ἡδῡνᾰ́σθην	ἡδῡνᾰ́μεθᾰ	ἡδῡ́νᾰσθε	ἡδῡ́νᾰντο
	subjunctive	ἡδῡ́νωμαι	ἡδῡ́νῃ	ἡδῡ́νηται	ἡδῡ́νησθον	ἡδῡ́νησθον	ἡδῡνώμεθᾰ	ἡδῡ́νησθε	ἡδῡ́νωνται
	optative	ἡδῡναίμην	ἡδῡ́ναιο	ἡδῡ́ναιτο	ἡδῡ́ναισθον	ἡδῡναίσθην	ἡδῡναίμεθᾰ	ἡδῡ́ναισθε	ἡδῡ́ναιντο
	imperative		ἥδῡναι	ἡδῡνᾰ́σθω	ἡδῡ́νᾰσθον	ἡδῡνᾰ́σθων		ἡδῡ́νᾰσθε	ἡδῡνᾰ́σθων
passive	indicative	ἡδῡ́νθην	ἡδῡ́νθης	ἡδῡ́νθη	ἡδῡ́νθητον	ἡδῡνθήτην	ἡδῡ́νθημεν	ἡδῡ́νθητε	ἡδῡ́νθησᾰν
	subjunctive	ἡδῡνθῶ	ἡδῡνθῇς	ἡδῡνθῇ	ἡδῡνθῆτον	ἡδῡνθῆτον	ἡδῡνθῶμεν	ἡδῡνθῆτε	ἡδῡνθῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἡδῡνθείην	ἡδῡνθείης	ἡδῡνθείη	ἡδῡνθεῖτον, ἡδῡνθείητον	ἡδῡνθείτην, ἡδῡνθειήτην	ἡδῡνθεῖμεν, ἡδῡνθείημεν	ἡδῡνθεῖτε, ἡδῡνθείητε	ἡδῡνθεῖεν, ἡδῡνθείησᾰν
	imperative		ἡδῡ́νθητῐ	ἡδῡνθήτω	ἡδῡ́νθητον	ἡδῡνθήτων		ἡδῡ́νθητε	ἡδῡνθέντων
		active			middle		passive
infinitive		ἡδῦναι			ἡδῡ́νᾰσθαι		ἡδῡνθῆναι
participle	m	ἡδῡ́νᾱς			ἡδῡνᾰ́μενος		ἡδῡνθείς
	f	ἡδῡ́νᾱσᾰ			ἡδῡνᾰμένη		ἡδῡνθεῖσᾰ
	n	ἡδῦνᾰν			ἡδῡνᾰ́μενον		ἡδῡνθέν
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

• ἡδῠντήρ (hēdŭntḗr)
• ἡδῠντήρῐος (hēdŭntḗrĭos)
• ἡδῠντῐκός (hēdŭntĭkós)
• ἡδῠντός (hēdŭntós)
• ἥδῠσμᾰ (hḗdŭsmă)
• ἡδῠσμός (hēdŭsmós)

 

Further reading

• “ἡδύνω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἡδύνω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ἡδύνω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette