ἔπεφνον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *kʷʰékʷʰnon, a reduplicated second aorist from zero-grade of Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰen-, which also gives θείνω (theínō, “to strike”). The labiovelar *gʷʰ developed into a different consonant in each verb. See that entry for cognates.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /é.pe.pʰnon/ → /ˈe.pe.ɸnon/ → /ˈe.pe.fnon/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /é.pe.pʰnon/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈe.pe.pʰnon/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈe.pe.ɸnon/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈe.pe.fnon/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈe.pe.fnon/

Verb

ἔπεφνον • (épephnon)

1. (transitive) to slay, kill

Inflection

   Aorist: ἔπεφνον

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἔπεφνον	ἔπεφνες	ἔπεφνε(ν)	ἐπέφνετον	ἐπεφνέτην	ἐπέφνομεν	ἐπέφνετε	ἔπεφνον
	subjunctive	πέφνω	πέφνῃς	πέφνῃ	πέφνητον	πέφνητον	πέφνωμεν	πέφνητε	πέφνωσῐ(ν)
	optative	πέφνοιμῐ	πέφνοις	πέφνοι	πέφνοιτον	πεφνοίτην	πέφνοιμεν	πέφνοιτε	πέφνοιεν
	imperative		πέφνε	πεφνέτω	πέφνετον	πεφνέτων		πέφνετε	πεφνόντων
		active
infinitive		πεφνεῖν
participle	m	πεφνών
	f	πεφνοῦσᾰ
	n	πεφνόν
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: πέφνον Epic, Lyric

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	πέφνον	πέφνες	πέφνε(ν)	πέφνετον	πεφνέτην	πέφνομεν	πέφνετε	πέφνον
	subjunctive	πέφνω	πέφνῃς	πέφνῃ	πέφνητον	πέφνητον	πέφνωμεν	πέφνητε	πέφνωσῐ(ν)
	optative	πέφνοιμῐ	πέφνοις	πέφνοι	πέφνοιτον	πεφνοίτην	πέφνοιμεν	πέφνοιτε	πέφνοιεν
	imperative		πέφνε	πεφνέτω	πέφνετον	πεφνέτων		πέφνετε	πεφνόντων
		active
infinitive		πεφνεῖν
participle	m	πεφνών
	f	πεφνοῦσᾰ
	n	πεφνόν
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

• κατέπεφνον (katépephnon)
• φᾰτός (phatós)
• φόνος (phónos)

 

References

• “θείνω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἔπεφνον”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἔπεφνον in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963