ἔξωθεν

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From ἔξω (éxō) +‎ -θεν (-then).

Adverb

ἔξωθεν • (éxōthen)

1. from outside
2. outside
3. outward, outwardly
   • 70 CE – 110 CE, The Gospel of Matthew 23:28:

     οὕτω καὶ ὑμεῖς ἔξωθεν μὲν φαίνεσθε τοῖς ἀνθρώποις δίκαιοι, ἔσωθεν δὲ μεστοί ἐστε ὑποκρίσεως καὶ ἀνομίας.

     hoútō kaì humeîs éxōthen mèn phaínesthe toîs anthrṓpois díkaioi, ésōthen dè mestoí este hupokríseōs kaì anomías.

     • Translation by KJV

       Even so ye also outwardly appear righteous unto men, but within ye are full of hypocrisy and iniquity.

Preposition

ἔξωθεν • (éxōthen) (governs the genitive)

1. from outside
   • The Gospel of Mark 7:15:

     οὐδέν ἐστιν ἔξωθεν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου εἰσπορευόμενον εἰς αὐτόν, ὃ δύναται αὐτὸν κοινῶσαι· ἀλλὰ τὰ ἐκπορευόμενα ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ, ἐκεῖνά ἐστι τὰ κοινοῦντα τὸν ἄνθρωπον.

     oudén estin éxōthen toû anthrṓpou eisporeuómenon eis autón, hò dúnatai autòn koinôsai; allà tà ekporeuómena ap’ autoû, ekeîná esti tà koinoûnta tòn ánthrōpon.

     • Translation by KJV

       There is nothing from without a man, that entering into him can defile him: but the things which come out of him, those are they that defile the man.

2. outside

Further reading

• ἔξωθεν in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• “ἔξωθεν”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
• “ἔξωθεν”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• G1855 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • abroad idem, page 3.
  • external idem, page 296.
  • externally idem, page 297.
  • free idem, page 343.
  • outside idem, page 583.
  • outwardly idem, page 583.
  • without idem, page 984.