ἐρύκω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Possibly an extension of ἐρύω (erúō, “to draw, drag, pull”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /e.ry̌ː.kɔː/ → /eˈry.ko/ → /eˈri.ko/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /e.ry̌ː.kɔː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /eˈry.ko/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /eˈry.ko/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /eˈry.ko/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /eˈri.ko/

Verb

ἐρῡ́κω • (erū́kō)

1. (chiefly poetic) to restrain, control, curb, keep in check

Conjugation

   Present: ἐρῡ́κω, ἐρῡ́κομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐρῡ́κω	ἐρῡ́κεις	ἐρῡ́κει	ἐρῡ́κετον	ἐρῡ́κετον	ἐρῡ́κομεν	ἐρῡ́κετε	ἐρῡ́κουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ἐρῡ́κω	ἐρῡ́κῃς	ἐρῡ́κῃ	ἐρῡ́κητον	ἐρῡ́κητον	ἐρῡ́κωμεν	ἐρῡ́κητε	ἐρῡ́κωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐρῡ́κοιμῐ	ἐρῡ́κοις	ἐρῡ́κοι	ἐρῡ́κοιτον	ἐρῡκοίτην	ἐρῡ́κοιμεν	ἐρῡ́κοιτε	ἐρῡ́κοιεν
	imperative		ἔρῡκε	ἐρῡκέτω	ἐρῡ́κετον	ἐρῡκέτων		ἐρῡ́κετε	ἐρῡκόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ἐρῡ́κομαι	ἐρῡ́κῃ, ἐρῡ́κει	ἐρῡ́κεται	ἐρῡ́κεσθον	ἐρῡ́κεσθον	ἐρῡκόμεθᾰ	ἐρῡ́κεσθε	ἐρῡ́κονται
	subjunctive	ἐρῡ́κωμαι	ἐρῡ́κῃ	ἐρῡ́κηται	ἐρῡ́κησθον	ἐρῡ́κησθον	ἐρῡκώμεθᾰ	ἐρῡ́κησθε	ἐρῡ́κωνται
	optative	ἐρῡκοίμην	ἐρῡ́κοιο	ἐρῡ́κοιτο	ἐρῡ́κοισθον	ἐρῡκοίσθην	ἐρῡκοίμεθᾰ	ἐρῡ́κοισθε	ἐρῡ́κοιντο
	imperative		ἐρῡ́κου	ἐρῡκέσθω	ἐρῡ́κεσθον	ἐρῡκέσθων		ἐρῡ́κεσθε	ἐρῡκέσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ἐρῡ́κειν				ἐρῡ́κεσθαι
participle	m	ἐρῡ́κων				ἐρῡκόμενος
	f	ἐρῡ́κουσᾰ				ἐρῡκομένη
	n	ἐρῦκον				ἐρῡκόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Imperfect: ἔρῡκον, ἐρῡκόμην (Epic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἔρῡκον	ἔρῡκες	ἔρῡκε(ν)	ἐρῡ́κετον	ἐρῡκέτην	ἐρῡ́κομεν	ἐρῡ́κετε	ἔρῡκον
middle/ passive	indicative	ἐρῡκόμην	ἐρῡ́κου	ἐρῡ́κετο	ἐρῡ́κεσθον	ἐρῡκέσθην	ἐρῡκόμε(σ)θᾰ	ἐρῡ́κεσθε	ἐρῡ́κοντο
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Future: ἐρῡ́ξω, ἐρῡ́ξομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐρῡ́ξω	ἐρῡ́ξεις	ἐρῡ́ξει	ἐρῡ́ξετον	ἐρῡ́ξετον	ἐρῡ́ξομεν	ἐρῡ́ξετε	ἐρῡ́ξουσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐρῡ́ξοιμῐ	ἐρῡ́ξοις	ἐρῡ́ξοι	ἐρῡ́ξοιτον	ἐρῡξοίτην	ἐρῡ́ξοιμεν	ἐρῡ́ξοιτε	ἐρῡ́ξοιεν
middle	indicative	ἐρῡ́ξομαι	ἐρῡ́ξῃ, ἐρῡ́ξει	ἐρῡ́ξεται	ἐρῡ́ξεσθον	ἐρῡ́ξεσθον	ἐρῡξόμεθᾰ	ἐρῡ́ξεσθε	ἐρῡ́ξονται
	optative	ἐρῡξοίμην	ἐρῡ́ξοιο	ἐρῡ́ξοιτο	ἐρῡ́ξοισθον	ἐρῡξοίσθην	ἐρῡξοίμεθᾰ	ἐρῡ́ξοισθε	ἐρῡ́ξοιντο
		active			middle
infinitive		ἐρῡ́ξειν			ἐρῡ́ξεσθαι
participle	m	ἐρῡ́ξων			ἐρῡξόμενος
	f	ἐρῡ́ξουσᾰ			ἐρῡξομένη
	n	ἐρῦξον			ἐρῡξόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: ἔρῡξᾰ, ἐρῡξᾰ́μην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἔρῡξᾰ	ἔρῡξᾰς	ἔρῡξε(ν)	ἐρῡ́ξᾰτον	ἐρῡξᾰ́την	ἐρῡ́ξᾰμεν	ἐρῡ́ξᾰτε	ἔρῡξᾰν
	subjunctive	ἐρῡ́ξω	ἐρῡ́ξῃς	ἐρῡ́ξῃ	ἐρῡ́ξητον	ἐρῡ́ξητον	ἐρῡ́ξωμεν	ἐρῡ́ξητε	ἐρῡ́ξωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐρῡ́ξαιμῐ	ἐρῡ́ξειᾰς, ἐρῡ́ξαις	ἐρῡ́ξειε(ν), ἐρῡ́ξαι	ἐρῡ́ξαιτον	ἐρῡξαίτην	ἐρῡ́ξαιμεν	ἐρῡ́ξαιτε	ἐρῡ́ξειᾰν, ἐρῡ́ξαιεν
	imperative		ἔρῡξον	ἐρῡξᾰ́τω	ἐρῡ́ξᾰτον	ἐρῡξᾰ́των		ἐρῡ́ξᾰτε	ἐρῡξᾰ́ντων
middle	indicative	ἐρῡξᾰ́μην	ἐρῡ́ξω	ἐρῡ́ξᾰτο	ἐρῡ́ξᾰσθον	ἐρῡξᾰ́σθην	ἐρῡξᾰ́μεθᾰ	ἐρῡ́ξᾰσθε	ἐρῡ́ξᾰντο
	subjunctive	ἐρῡ́ξωμαι	ἐρῡ́ξῃ	ἐρῡ́ξηται	ἐρῡ́ξησθον	ἐρῡ́ξησθον	ἐρῡξώμεθᾰ	ἐρῡ́ξησθε	ἐρῡ́ξωνται
	optative	ἐρῡξαίμην	ἐρῡ́ξαιο	ἐρῡ́ξαιτο	ἐρῡ́ξαισθον	ἐρῡξαίσθην	ἐρῡξαίμεθᾰ	ἐρῡ́ξαισθε	ἐρῡ́ξαιντο
	imperative		ἔρῡξαι	ἐρῡξᾰ́σθω	ἐρῡ́ξᾰσθον	ἐρῡξᾰ́σθων		ἐρῡ́ξᾰσθε	ἐρῡξᾰ́σθων
		active			middle
infinitive		ἐρῦξαι			ἐρῡ́ξᾰσθαι
participle	m	ἐρῡ́ξᾱς			ἐρῡξᾰ́μενος
	f	ἐρῡ́ξᾱσᾰ			ἐρῡξᾰμένη
	n	ἐρῦξᾰν			ἐρῡξᾰ́μενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: ἠρῡ́κᾰκον, ἠρῡκᾰκόμην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἠρῡ́κᾰκον	ἠρῡ́κᾰκες	ἠρῡ́κᾰκε(ν)	ἠρῡκᾰ́κετον	ἠρῡκᾰκέτην	ἠρῡκᾰ́κομεν	ἠρῡκᾰ́κετε	ἠρῡ́κᾰκον
	subjunctive	ἐρῡκᾰ́κω	ἐρῡκᾰ́κῃς	ἐρῡκᾰ́κῃ	ἐρῡκᾰ́κητον	ἐρῡκᾰ́κητον	ἐρῡκᾰ́κωμεν	ἐρῡκᾰ́κητε	ἐρῡκᾰ́κωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐρῡκᾰ́κοιμῐ	ἐρῡκᾰ́κοις	ἐρῡκᾰ́κοι	ἐρῡκᾰ́κοιτον	ἐρῡκᾰκοίτην	ἐρῡκᾰ́κοιμεν	ἐρῡκᾰ́κοιτε	ἐρῡκᾰ́κοιεν
	imperative		ἐρῡ́κᾰκε	ἐρῡκᾰκέτω	ἐρῡκᾰ́κετον	ἐρῡκᾰκέτων		ἐρῡκᾰ́κετε	ἐρῡκᾰκόντων
middle	indicative	ἠρῡκᾰκόμην	ἠρῡκᾰ́κου	ἠρῡκᾰ́κετο	ἠρῡκᾰ́κεσθον	ἠρῡκᾰκέσθην	ἠρῡκᾰκόμεθᾰ	ἠρῡκᾰ́κεσθε	ἠρῡκᾰ́κοντο
	subjunctive	ἐρῡκᾰ́κωμαι	ἐρῡκᾰ́κῃ	ἐρῡκᾰ́κηται	ἐρῡκᾰ́κησθον	ἐρῡκᾰ́κησθον	ἐρῡκᾰκώμεθᾰ	ἐρῡκᾰ́κησθε	ἐρῡκᾰ́κωνται
	optative	ἐρῡκᾰκοίμην	ἐρῡκᾰ́κοιο	ἐρῡκᾰ́κοιτο	ἐρῡκᾰ́κοισθον	ἐρῡκᾰκοίσθην	ἐρῡκᾰκοίμεθᾰ	ἐρῡκᾰ́κοισθε	ἐρῡκᾰ́κοιντο
	imperative		ἐρῡκᾰκοῦ	ἐρῡκᾰκέσθω	ἐρῡκᾰ́κεσθον	ἐρῡκᾰκέσθων		ἐρῡκᾰ́κεσθε	ἐρῡκᾰκέσθων
		active			middle
infinitive		ἐρῡκᾰκεῖν			ἐρῡκᾰκέσθαι
participle	m	ἐρῡκᾰκών			ἐρῡκᾰκόμενος
	f	ἐρῡκᾰκοῦσᾰ			ἐρῡκᾰκομένη
	n	ἐρῡκᾰκόν			ἐρῡκᾰκόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: ἐρῡ́κᾰκον, ἐρῡκᾰκόμην (Epic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐρῡ́κᾰκον	ἐρῡ́κᾰκες	ἐρῡ́κᾰκε(ν)	ἐρῡκᾰ́κετον	ἐρῡκᾰκέτην	ἐρῡκᾰ́κομεν	ἐρῡκᾰ́κετε	ἐρῡ́κᾰκον
	subjunctive	ἐρῡκᾰ́κω, ἐρῡκᾰ́κωμῐ	ἐρῡκᾰ́κῃς, ἐρῡκᾰ́κῃσθᾰ	ἐρῡκᾰ́κῃ, ἐρῡκᾰ́κῃσῐ	ἐρῡκᾰ́κητον	ἐρῡκᾰ́κητον	ἐρῡκᾰ́κωμεν	ἐρῡκᾰ́κητε	ἐρῡκᾰ́κωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐρῡκᾰ́κοιμῐ	ἐρῡκᾰ́κοις/ἐρῡκᾰ́κοισθᾰ	ἐρῡκᾰ́κοι	ἐρῡκᾰκεῖτον	ἐρῡκᾰκείτην	ἐρῡκᾰκεῖμεν	ἐρῡκᾰκεῖτε	ἐρῡκᾰκεῖεν
	imperative		ἐρῡ́κᾰκε	ἐρῡκᾰκέτω	ἐρῡκᾰ́κετον	ἐρῡκᾰκέτων		ἐρῡκᾰ́κετε	ἐρῡκᾰκόντων
middle	indicative	ἐρῡκᾰκόμην	ἐρῡκᾰ́κεο	ἐρῡκᾰ́κετο	ἐρῡκᾰ́κεσθον	ἐρῡκᾰκέσθην	ἐρῡκᾰκόμε(σ)θᾰ	ἐρῡκᾰ́κεσθε	ἐρῡκᾰ́κοντο
	subjunctive	ἐρῡκᾰ́κωμαι	ἐρῡκᾰ́κηαι	ἐρῡκᾰ́κηται	ἐρῡκᾰ́κησθον	ἐρῡκᾰ́κησθον	ἐρῡκᾰκώμε(σ)θᾰ	ἐρῡκᾰ́κησθε	ἐρῡκᾰ́κωνται
	optative	ἐρῡκᾰκοίμην	ἐρῡκᾰ́κοιο	ἐρῡκᾰ́κοιτο	ἐρῡκᾰ́κοισθον	ἐρῡκᾰκοίσθην	ἐρῡκᾰκοίμε(σ)θᾰ	ἐρῡκᾰ́κοισθε	ἐρῡκᾰκοίᾰτο
	imperative		ἐρῡκᾰ́κεο	ἐρῡκᾰκέσθω	ἐρῡκᾰ́κεσθον	ἐρῡκᾰκέσθων		ἐρῡκᾰ́κεσθε	ἐρῡκᾰκέσθων
		active			middle
infinitive		ἐρῡκᾰκέειν/ἐρῡκᾰκέμεν(αι)			ἐρῡκᾰκέσθαι
participle	m	ἐρῡκᾰκών			ἐρῡκᾰκόμενος
	f	ἐρῡκᾰκοῦσᾰ			ἐρῡκᾰκομένη
	n	ἐρῡκᾰκόν			ἐρῡκᾰκόμενον
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

• ἀνταπερύκω (antaperúkō)
• ἀπερύκω (aperúkō)
• διερύκω (dierúkō)
• ἐξερύκω (exerúkō)
• ἐρυκανάω (erukanáō)
• κατερυκτικός (kateruktikós)
• κατερύκω (katerúkō)

 

Further reading

• “ἐρύκω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἐρύκω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἐρύκω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “ἐρύκω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἐρύκω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • check idem, page 128.
  • confine idem, page 158.
  • curb idem, page 189.
  • hinder idem, page 400.
  • hold idem, page 402.
  • impede idem, page 419.
  • prevent idem, page 639.
  • repress idem, page 698.
  • restrain idem, page 705.
  • stop idem, page 820.