ἐπιστέλλω
Appearance
Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From ἐπί (epí, “upon”) + στέλλω (stéllō, “I prepare, send”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /e.pis.tél.lɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /e.pisˈtel.lo/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /e.pisˈtel.lo/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /e.pisˈtel.lo/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /e.pisˈte.lo/
Verb
[edit]ἐπῐστέλλω • (epistéllō)
- to send to, inform by letter/message
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.40.he wrote this letter and sent it to Samos:
- γράψας ἐς βυβλίον τάδε ἐπέστειλε ἐς Σάμον
- grápsas es bublíon táde epésteile es Sámon
- γράψας ἐς βυβλίον τάδε ἐπέστειλε ἐς Σάμον
- to order, command, esp. in writing
- 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 4.5.34:
- ἐγὼ ἐπιστέλλω σοι περὶ Περσῶν ᾗπερ γέγραπται
- egṑ epistéllō soi perì Persôn hêiper gégraptai
- I instruct you exactly as it is written
- ἐγὼ ἐπιστέλλω σοι περὶ Περσῶν ᾗπερ γέγραπται
Inflection
[edit] Present: ἐπῐστέλλω, ἐπῐστέλλομαι
Imperfect: ἐπέστελλον, ἐπεστελλόμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐπέστελλον | ἐπέστελλες | ἐπέστελλε(ν) | ἐπεστέλλετον | ἐπεστελλέτην | ἐπεστέλλομεν | ἐπεστέλλετε | ἐπέστελλον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐπεστελλόμην | ἐπεστέλλου | ἐπεστέλλετο | ἐπεστέλλεσθον | ἐπεστελλέσθην | ἐπεστελλόμεθᾰ | ἐπεστέλλεσθε | ἐπεστέλλοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐπῐστεῖλᾰ | ἐπῐστεῖλᾰς | ἐπῐστεῖλε(ν) | ἐπῐστείλᾰτον | ἐπῐστειλᾰ́την | ἐπῐστείλᾰμεν | ἐπῐστείλᾰτε | ἐπῐστεῖλᾰν | ||||
middle | indicative | ἐπῐστειλᾰ́μην | ἐπῐστείλᾰο | ἐπῐστείλᾰτο | ἐπῐστείλᾰσθον | ἐπῐστειλᾰ́σθην | ἐπῐστειλᾰ́με(σ)θᾰ | ἐπῐστείλᾰσθε | ἐπῐστείλᾰντο | ||||
passive | indicative | ἐπῐστᾰ́λην | ἐπῐστᾰ́λης | ἐπῐστᾰ́λη | ἐπῐστᾰ́λητον | ἐπῐστᾰλήτην | ἐπῐστᾰ́λημεν | ἐπῐστᾰ́λητε | ἐπῐστᾰ́λησᾰν, ἐπῐστᾰ́λεν | ||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Aorist: ἐπεστᾰ́λθην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
passive | indicative | ἐπεστᾰ́λθην | ἐπεστᾰ́λθης | ἐπεστᾰ́λθη | ἐπεστᾰ́λθητον | ἐπεστᾰλθήτην | ἐπεστᾰ́λθημεν | ἐπεστᾰ́λθητε | ἐπεστᾰ́λθησᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | ἐπῐστᾰλθῶ | ἐπῐστᾰλθῇς | ἐπῐστᾰλθῇ | ἐπῐστᾰλθῆτον | ἐπῐστᾰλθῆτον | ἐπῐστᾰλθῶμεν | ἐπῐστᾰλθῆτε | ἐπῐστᾰλθῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ἐπῐστᾰλθείην | ἐπῐστᾰλθείης | ἐπῐστᾰλθείη | ἐπῐστᾰλθεῖτον, ἐπῐστᾰλθείητον |
ἐπῐστᾰλθείτην, ἐπῐστᾰλθειήτην |
ἐπῐστᾰλθεῖμεν, ἐπῐστᾰλθείημεν |
ἐπῐστᾰλθεῖτε, ἐπῐστᾰλθείητε |
ἐπῐστᾰλθεῖεν, ἐπῐστᾰλθείησᾰν | |||||
imperative | ἐπῐστᾰ́λθητῐ | ἐπῐστᾰλθήτω | ἐπῐστᾰ́λθητον | ἐπῐστᾰλθήτων | ἐπῐστᾰ́λθητε | ἐπῐστᾰλθέντων | |||||||
passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ἐπῐστᾰλθῆναι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ἐπῐστᾰλθείς | |||||||||||
f | ἐπῐστᾰλθεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | ἐπῐστᾰλθέν | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
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Perfect: ἐπέστᾰλκᾰ, ἐπέστᾰλμαι
Pluperfect: ἐπεστᾰ́λκειν, ἐπεστᾰ́λμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐπεστᾰ́λκειν, ἐπεστᾰ́λκη |
ἐπεστᾰ́λκεις, ἐπεστᾰ́λκης |
ἐπεστᾰ́λκει(ν) | ἐπεστᾰ́λκετον | ἐπεστᾰλκέτην | ἐπεστᾰ́λκεμεν | ἐπεστᾰ́λκετε | ἐπεστᾰ́λκεσᾰν | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐπεστᾰ́λμην | ἐπέστᾰλσο | ἐπέστᾰλτο | ἐπέστᾰλθον | ἐπεστᾰ́λθην | ἐπεστᾰ́λμεθᾰ | ἐπέστᾰλθε | ἐπεστᾰ́λᾰτο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
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Derived terms
[edit]- ἀντεπῐστέλλω (antepistéllō)
- δῐεπῐστέλλω (diepistéllō)
- ἐπῐστολᾱγράφος (epistolāgráphos)
- ἐπῐστοληφόρος (epistolēphóros)
- ἐπῐστολιᾱφόρος (epistoliāphóros)
- ἐπῐστολόγρᾰφος (epistológraphos)
- πᾰρεπῐστέλλω (parepistéllō)
- προεπῐστέλλω (proepistéllō)
- προσεπῐστέλλω (prosepistéllō)
- σῠνεπῐστέλλω (sunepistéllō)
Related terms
[edit]- ἐπίστᾰλμᾰ (epístalma)
- ἐπίστᾰλσῐς (epístalsis)
- ἐπῐστᾰλτῐκός (epistaltikós)
- ἐπῐστολάδην (epistoládēn)
- ἐπῐστολεύς (epistoleús)
- ἐπῐστολή (epistolḗ)
- ἐπῐστολῐκός (epistolikós)
- ἐπῐστολῐμαῖος (epistolimaîos)
Further reading
[edit]- “ἐπιστέλλω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἐπιστέλλω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- ἐπιστέλλω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- G1989 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible