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ἐπιθυμέω

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Ancient Greek

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Etymology

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From ἐπῐ́θῡμος (epíthūmos, “desirous”) +‎ -έω (-éō, denominative verbal suffix).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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ἐπῐθῡμέω • (epithūméō)

  1. to set one's heart on a thing, desire, covet
    1. (with genitive)
    2. (Koine, with accusative)
      • 70 CE – 110 CE, The Gospel of Matthew 5:27–28:
        Ἠκούσατε ὅτι ἐρρέθη· Οὐ μοιχεύσεις. ἐγὼ δὲ λέγω ὑμῖν ὅτι πᾶς ὁ βλέπων γυναῖκα πρὸς τὸ ἐπιθυμῆσαι αὐτὴν ἤδη ἐμοίχευσεν αὐτὴν ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ.
        Ēkoúsate hóti errhéthē; Ou moikheúseis. egṑ dè légō humîn hóti pâs ho blépōn gunaîka pròs tò epithumêsai autḕn ḗdē emoíkheusen autḕn en têi kardíāi autoû.
        You have heard it said "Do not commit adultery." But I tell you that everyone looking at a woman to covet her has already committed adultery with her in his heart.
      • New Testament, Epistle to the Romans 13:8–9:
        Μηδενὶ μηδὲν ὀφείλετε, εἰ μὴ τὸ ἀλλήλους ἀγαπᾶν· ὁ γὰρ ἀγαπῶν τὸν ἕτερον νόμον πεπλήρωκεν. τὸ γάρ · Οὐ μοιχεύσεις, Οὐ φονεύσεις, Οὐ κλέψεις, Οὐκ ἐπιθυμήσεις, καὶ εἴ τις ἑτέρα ἐντολή, ἐν τῷ λόγῳ τούτῳ ⸃ ἀνακεφαλαιοῦται, ἐν τῷ· Ἀγαπήσεις τὸν πλησίον σου ὡς σεαυτόν.
        Mēdenì mēdèn opheílete, ei mḕ tò allḗlous agapân; ho gàr agapôn tòn héteron nómon peplḗrōken. tò gár ; Ou moikheúseis, Ou phoneúseis, Ou klépseis, Ouk epithumḗseis, kaì eí tis hetéra entolḗ, en tôi lógōi toútōi ⸃ anakephalaioûtai, en tôi; Agapḗseis tòn plēsíon sou hōs seautón.
        Owe nothing to anyone, except loving each other. For the one who loves another has fulfilled the law. For "Do not commit adultery", "Do not murder", "Do not steal", "Do not covet", and whatever other command, is summed up in "Love your neighbor as yourself".
    3. (with infinitive) desire, want to
      • 366 BCE – 348 BCE, Plato, Theaetetus 143d:
        νῦν δὲ ἧττον γὰρ ἐκείνους ἢ τούσδε φιλῶ, καὶ μᾶλλον ἐπιθυμῶ εἰδέναι τίνες ἡμῖν τῶν νέων ἐπίδοξοι γενέσθαι ἐπιεικεῖς.
        nûn dè hêtton gàr ekeínous ḕ toúsde philô, kaì mâllon epithumô eidénai tínes hēmîn tôn néōn epídoxoi genésthai epieikeîs.
        For right now I care less for people there than people here, and I very much want to know which of our young men are likely to turn out well.
      • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedrus @perseus.tufts.edu:
        οὕτως ἐπιτεθύμηκα ἀκοῦσαι
        hoútōs epitethúmēka akoûsai
        I have so desired to hear

Inflection

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   Present: ἐπῐθῡμέω, ἐπῐθῡμέομαι (Uncontracted)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἐπῐθῡμέω ἐπῐθῡμέεις ἐπῐθῡμέει ἐπῐθῡμέετον ἐπῐθῡμέετον ἐπῐθῡμέομεν ἐπῐθῡμέετε ἐπῐθῡμέουσῐ(ν)
subjunctive ἐπῐθῡμέω ἐπῐθῡμέῃς ἐπῐθῡμέῃ ἐπῐθῡμέητον ἐπῐθῡμέητον ἐπῐθῡμέωμεν ἐπῐθῡμέητε ἐπῐθῡμέωσῐ(ν)
optative ἐπῐθῡμέοιμῐ ἐπῐθῡμέοις ἐπῐθῡμέοι ἐπῐθῡμέοιτον ἐπῐθῡμεοίτην ἐπῐθῡμέοιμεν ἐπῐθῡμέοιτε ἐπῐθῡμέοιεν
imperative   ἐπῐθῡ́μεε ἐπῐθῡμεέτω ἐπῐθῡμέετον ἐπῐθῡμεέτων   ἐπῐθῡμέετε ἐπῐθῡμεόντων
middle/
passive 		indicative ἐπῐθῡμέομαι ἐπῐθῡμέῃ,
ἐπῐθῡμέει 		ἐπῐθῡμέεται ἐπῐθῡμέεσθον ἐπῐθῡμέεσθον ἐπῐθῡμεόμεθᾰ ἐπῐθῡμέεσθε ἐπῐθῡμέονται
subjunctive ἐπῐθῡμέωμαι ἐπῐθῡμέῃ ἐπῐθῡμέηται ἐπῐθῡμέησθον ἐπῐθῡμέησθον ἐπῐθῡμεώμεθᾰ ἐπῐθῡμέησθε ἐπῐθῡμέωνται
optative ἐπῐθῡμεοίμην ἐπῐθῡμέοιο ἐπῐθῡμέοιτο ἐπῐθῡμέοισθον ἐπῐθῡμεοίσθην ἐπῐθῡμεοίμεθᾰ ἐπῐθῡμέοισθε ἐπῐθῡμέοιντο
imperative   ἐπῐθῡμέου ἐπῐθῡμεέσθω ἐπῐθῡμέεσθον ἐπῐθῡμεέσθων   ἐπῐθῡμέεσθε ἐπῐθῡμεέσθων
active middle/passive
infinitive ἐπῐθῡμέειν ἐπῐθῡμέεσθαι
participle m ἐπῐθῡμέων ἐπῐθῡμεόμενος
f ἐπῐθῡμέουσᾰ ἐπῐθῡμεομένη
n ἐπῐθῡμέον ἐπῐθῡμεόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Present: ἐπῐθῡμῶ, ἐπῐθῡμοῦμαι (Contracted)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἐπῐθῡμῶ ἐπῐθῡμεῖς ἐπῐθῡμεῖ ἐπῐθῡμεῖτον ἐπῐθῡμεῖτον ἐπῐθῡμοῦμεν ἐπῐθῡμεῖτε ἐπῐθῡμοῦσῐ(ν)
subjunctive ἐπῐθῡμῶ ἐπῐθῡμῇς ἐπῐθῡμῇ ἐπῐθῡμῆτον ἐπῐθῡμῆτον ἐπῐθῡμῶμεν ἐπῐθῡμῆτε ἐπῐθῡμῶσῐ(ν)
optative ἐπῐθῡμοίην,
ἐπῐθῡμοῖμῐ 		ἐπῐθῡμοίης,
ἐπῐθῡμοῖς 		ἐπῐθῡμοίη,
ἐπῐθῡμοῖ 		ἐπῐθῡμοῖτον,
ἐπῐθῡμοίητον 		ἐπῐθῡμοίτην,
ἐπῐθῡμοιήτην 		ἐπῐθῡμοῖμεν,
ἐπῐθῡμοίημεν 		ἐπῐθῡμοῖτε,
ἐπῐθῡμοίητε 		ἐπῐθῡμοῖεν,
ἐπῐθῡμοίησᾰν
imperative   ἐπῐθῡ́μει ἐπῐθῡμείτω ἐπῐθῡμεῖτον ἐπῐθῡμείτων   ἐπῐθῡμεῖτε ἐπῐθῡμούντων
middle/
passive 		indicative ἐπῐθῡμοῦμαι ἐπῐθῡμεῖ,
ἐπῐθῡμῇ 		ἐπῐθῡμεῖται ἐπῐθῡμεῖσθον ἐπῐθῡμεῖσθον ἐπῐθῡμούμεθᾰ ἐπῐθῡμεῖσθε ἐπῐθῡμοῦνται
subjunctive ἐπῐθῡμῶμαι ἐπῐθῡμῇ ἐπῐθῡμῆται ἐπῐθῡμῆσθον ἐπῐθῡμῆσθον ἐπῐθῡμώμεθᾰ ἐπῐθῡμῆσθε ἐπῐθῡμῶνται
optative ἐπῐθῡμοίμην ἐπῐθῡμοῖο ἐπῐθῡμοῖτο ἐπῐθῡμοῖσθον ἐπῐθῡμοίσθην ἐπῐθῡμοίμεθᾰ ἐπῐθῡμοῖσθε ἐπῐθῡμοῖντο
imperative   ἐπῐθῡμοῦ ἐπῐθῡμείσθω ἐπῐθῡμεῖσθον ἐπῐθῡμείσθων   ἐπῐθῡμεῖσθε ἐπῐθῡμείσθων
active middle/passive
infinitive ἐπῐθῡμεῖν ἐπῐθῡμεῖσθαι
participle m ἐπῐθῡμῶν ἐπῐθῡμούμενος
f ἐπῐθῡμοῦσᾰ ἐπῐθῡμουμένη
n ἐπῐθῡμοῦν ἐπῐθῡμούμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Imperfect: ἐπεθῡ́μεον, ἐπεθῡμεόμην (Uncontracted)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἐπεθῡ́μεον ἐπεθῡ́μεες ἐπεθῡ́μεε(ν) ἐπεθῡμέετον ἐπεθῡμεέτην ἐπεθῡμέομεν ἐπεθῡμέετε ἐπεθῡ́μεον
middle/
passive 		indicative ἐπεθῡμεόμην ἐπεθῡμέου ἐπεθῡμέετο ἐπεθῡμέεσθον ἐπεθῡμεέσθην ἐπεθῡμεόμεθᾰ ἐπεθῡμέεσθε ἐπεθῡμέοντο
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Imperfect: ἐπεθῡ́μουν, ἐπεθῡμούμην (Contracted)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἐπεθῡ́μουν ἐπεθῡ́μεις ἐπεθῡ́μει ἐπεθῡμεῖτον ἐπεθῡμείτην ἐπεθῡμοῦμεν ἐπεθῡμεῖτε ἐπεθῡ́μουν
middle/
passive 		indicative ἐπεθῡμούμην ἐπεθῡμοῦ ἐπεθῡμεῖτο ἐπεθῡμεῖσθον ἐπεθῡμείσθην ἐπεθῡμούμεθᾰ ἐπεθῡμεῖσθε ἐπεθῡμοῦντο
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Future: ἐπῐθῡμήσω, ἐπῐθῡμήσομαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἐπῐθῡμήσω ἐπῐθῡμήσεις ἐπῐθῡμήσει ἐπῐθῡμήσετον ἐπῐθῡμήσετον ἐπῐθῡμήσομεν ἐπῐθῡμήσετε ἐπῐθῡμήσουσῐ(ν)
optative ἐπῐθῡμήσοιμῐ ἐπῐθῡμήσοις ἐπῐθῡμήσοι ἐπῐθῡμήσοιτον ἐπῐθῡμησοίτην ἐπῐθῡμήσοιμεν ἐπῐθῡμήσοιτε ἐπῐθῡμήσοιεν
middle indicative ἐπῐθῡμήσομαι ἐπῐθῡμήσῃ,
ἐπῐθῡμήσει 		ἐπῐθῡμήσεται ἐπῐθῡμήσεσθον ἐπῐθῡμήσεσθον ἐπῐθῡμησόμεθᾰ ἐπῐθῡμήσεσθε ἐπῐθῡμήσονται
optative ἐπῐθῡμησοίμην ἐπῐθῡμήσοιο ἐπῐθῡμήσοιτο ἐπῐθῡμήσοισθον ἐπῐθῡμησοίσθην ἐπῐθῡμησοίμεθᾰ ἐπῐθῡμήσοισθε ἐπῐθῡμήσοιντο
active middle
infinitive ἐπῐθῡμήσειν ἐπῐθῡμήσεσθαι
participle m ἐπῐθῡμήσων ἐπῐθῡμησόμενος
f ἐπῐθῡμήσουσᾰ ἐπῐθῡμησομένη
n ἐπῐθῡμῆσον ἐπῐθῡμησόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: ἐπεθῡ́μησᾰ, ἐπεθῡμησᾰ́μην, ἐπεθῡμήθην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἐπεθῡ́μησᾰ ἐπεθῡ́μησᾰς ἐπεθῡ́μησε(ν) ἐπεθῡμήσᾰτον ἐπεθῡμησᾰ́την ἐπεθῡμήσᾰμεν ἐπεθῡμήσᾰτε ἐπεθῡ́μησᾰν
subjunctive ἐπῐθῡμήσω ἐπῐθῡμήσῃς ἐπῐθῡμήσῃ ἐπῐθῡμήσητον ἐπῐθῡμήσητον ἐπῐθῡμήσωμεν ἐπῐθῡμήσητε ἐπῐθῡμήσωσῐ(ν)
optative ἐπῐθῡμήσαιμῐ ἐπῐθῡμήσειᾰς,
ἐπῐθῡμήσαις 		ἐπῐθῡμήσειε(ν),
ἐπῐθῡμήσαι 		ἐπῐθῡμήσαιτον ἐπῐθῡμησαίτην ἐπῐθῡμήσαιμεν ἐπῐθῡμήσαιτε ἐπῐθῡμήσειᾰν,
ἐπῐθῡμήσαιεν
imperative   ἐπῐθῡ́μησον ἐπῐθῡμησᾰ́τω ἐπῐθῡμήσᾰτον ἐπῐθῡμησᾰ́των   ἐπῐθῡμήσᾰτε ἐπῐθῡμησᾰ́ντων
middle indicative ἐπεθῡμησᾰ́μην ἐπεθῡμήσω ἐπεθῡμήσᾰτο ἐπεθῡμήσᾰσθον ἐπεθῡμησᾰ́σθην ἐπεθῡμησᾰ́μεθᾰ ἐπεθῡμήσᾰσθε ἐπεθῡμήσᾰντο
subjunctive ἐπῐθῡμήσωμαι ἐπῐθῡμήσῃ ἐπῐθῡμήσηται ἐπῐθῡμήσησθον ἐπῐθῡμήσησθον ἐπῐθῡμησώμεθᾰ ἐπῐθῡμήσησθε ἐπῐθῡμήσωνται
optative ἐπῐθῡμησαίμην ἐπῐθῡμήσαιο ἐπῐθῡμήσαιτο ἐπῐθῡμήσαισθον ἐπῐθῡμησαίσθην ἐπῐθῡμησαίμεθᾰ ἐπῐθῡμήσαισθε ἐπῐθῡμήσαιντο
imperative   ἐπῐθῡ́μησαι ἐπῐθῡμησᾰ́σθω ἐπῐθῡμήσᾰσθον ἐπῐθῡμησᾰ́σθων   ἐπῐθῡμήσᾰσθε ἐπῐθῡμησᾰ́σθων
passive indicative ἐπεθῡμήθην ἐπεθῡμήθης ἐπεθῡμήθη ἐπεθῡμήθητον ἐπεθῡμηθήτην ἐπεθῡμήθημεν ἐπεθῡμήθητε ἐπεθῡμήθησᾰν
subjunctive ἐπιθῡμηθῶ ἐπιθῡμηθῇς ἐπιθῡμηθῇ ἐπιθῡμηθῆτον ἐπιθῡμηθῆτον ἐπιθῡμηθῶμεν ἐπιθῡμηθῆτε ἐπιθῡμηθῶσῐ(ν)
optative ἐπιθῡμηθείην ἐπιθῡμηθείης ἐπιθῡμηθείη ἐπιθῡμηθεῖτον,
ἐπιθῡμηθείητον 		ἐπιθῡμηθείτην,
ἐπιθῡμηθειήτην 		ἐπιθῡμηθεῖμεν,
ἐπιθῡμηθείημεν 		ἐπιθῡμηθεῖτε,
ἐπιθῡμηθείητε 		ἐπιθῡμηθεῖεν,
ἐπιθῡμηθείησᾰν
imperative   ἐπιθῡμήθητῐ ἐπιθῡμηθήτω ἐπιθῡμήθητον ἐπιθῡμηθήτων   ἐπιθῡμήθητε ἐπιθῡμηθέντων
active middle passive
infinitive ἐπῐθῡμῆσαι ἐπῐθῡμήσᾰσθαι ἐπιθῡμηθῆναι
participle m ἐπῐθῡμήσᾱς ἐπῐθῡμησᾰ́μενος ἐπιθῡμηθείς
f ἐπῐθῡμήσᾱσᾰ ἐπῐθῡμησᾰμένη ἐπιθῡμηθεῖσᾰ
n ἐπῐθῡμῆσᾰν ἐπῐθῡμησᾰ́μενον ἐπιθῡμηθέν
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Present perfect, active: ἐπιτεθῡ́μηκα (epitethū́mēka) (see quotations)

   Perfect: ἐπιτεθῡ́μηκᾰ
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἐπιτεθῡ́μηκᾰ ἐπιτεθῡ́μηκᾰς ἐπιτεθῡ́μηκε(ν) ἐπιτεθῡμήκᾰτον ἐπιτεθῡμήκᾰτον ἐπιτεθῡμήκᾰμεν ἐπιτεθῡμήκᾰτε ἐπιτεθῡμήκᾱσῐ(ν)
subjunctive ἐπιτεθῡμήκω ἐπιτεθῡμήκῃς ἐπιτεθῡμήκῃ ἐπιτεθῡμήκητον ἐπιτεθῡμήκητον ἐπιτεθῡμήκωμεν ἐπιτεθῡμήκητε ἐπιτεθῡμήκωσῐ(ν)
optative ἐπιτεθῡμήκοιμῐ,
ἐπιτεθῡμηκοίην 		ἐπιτεθῡμήκοις,
ἐπιτεθῡμηκοίης 		ἐπιτεθῡμήκοι,
ἐπιτεθῡμηκοίη 		ἐπιτεθῡμήκοιτον ἐπιτεθῡμηκοίτην ἐπιτεθῡμήκοιμεν ἐπιτεθῡμήκοιτε ἐπιτεθῡμήκοιεν
imperative   ἐπιτεθῡ́μηκε ἐπιτεθῡμηκέτω ἐπιτεθῡμήκετον ἐπιτεθῡμηκέτων   ἐπιτεθῡμήκετε ἐπιτεθῡμηκόντων
active
infinitive ἐπιτεθῡμηκέναι
participle m ἐπιτεθῡμηκώς
f ἐπιτεθῡμηκυῖᾰ
n ἐπιτεθῡμηκός
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

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References

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