ἄφθονος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From ἀ- (a-, not) +‎ φθόνος (phthónos, “envy”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ápʰ.tʰo.nos/ → /ˈaɸ.θo.nos/ → /ˈaf.θo.nos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ápʰ.tʰo.nos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈapʰ.tʰo.nos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈaɸ.θo.nos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈaf.θo.nos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈaf.θo.nos/

Adjective

ἄφθονος • (áphthonos) m or f (neuter ἄφθονον); second declension

1. without envy, free from envy
2. ungrudging, bounteous
3. not grudged, plentiful
4. unenvied, provoking no envy

Declension

Second declension of ἄφθονος; ἄφθονον (Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ἄφθονος áphthonos	ἄφθονον áphthonon		ἀφθόνω aphthónō	ἀφθόνω aphthónō		ἄφθονοι áphthonoi	ἄφθονᾰ áphthonă
Genitive		ἀφθόνου aphthónou	ἀφθόνου aphthónou		ἀφθόνοιν aphthónoin	ἀφθόνοιν aphthónoin		ἀφθόνων aphthónōn	ἀφθόνων aphthónōn
Dative		ἀφθόνῳ aphthónōi	ἀφθόνῳ aphthónōi		ἀφθόνοιν aphthónoin	ἀφθόνοιν aphthónoin		ἀφθόνοις aphthónois	ἀφθόνοις aphthónois
Accusative		ἄφθονον áphthonon	ἄφθονον áphthonon		ἀφθόνω aphthónō	ἀφθόνω aphthónō		ἀφθόνους aphthónous	ἄφθονᾰ áphthonă
Vocative		ἄφθονε áphthone	ἄφθονον áphthonon		ἀφθόνω aphthónō	ἀφθόνω aphthónō		ἄφθονοι áphthonoi	ἄφθονᾰ áphthonă
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		ἀφθόνως aphthónōs			ἀφθονώτερος aphthonṓteros			ἀφθονώτᾰτος aphthonṓtătos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἀφθονῐ́ᾱ (aphthonĭ́ā)

Further reading

• “ἄφθονος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἄφθονος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ἄφθονος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἄφθονος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)