ἀτασθάλλω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From ἀτάσθαλος (atásthalos, “reckless”) +‎ -λλω (-llō, verbal suffix).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /a.tas.tʰál.lɔː/ → /a.tasˈθal.lo/ → /a.tasˈθa.lo/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /a.tas.tʰál.lɔː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /a.tasˈtʰal.lo/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /a.tasˈθal.lo/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /a.tasˈθal.lo/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /a.tasˈθa.lo/

Verb

ἀτασθάλλω • (atasthállō)

1. to act recklessly, wickedly, or without regard for consequences
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 18.55–57:

     ἀλλ’ ἄγε νῦν μοι πάντες ὀμόσσατε καρτερὸν ὅρκον,
     μή τις ἐπ’ Ἴρῳ ἦρα φέρων ἐμὲ χειρὶ βαρείῃ
     πλήξῃ ἀτασθάλλων, τούτῳ δέ με ἶφι δαμάσσῃ.

     all’ áge nûn moi pántes omóssate karteròn hórkon,
     mḗ tis ep’ Írōi êra phérōn emè kheirì bareíēi
     plḗxēi atasthállōn, toútōi dé me îphi damássēi.

     [disguised Odysseus to the suitors:]
     But come now, everyone swear to me a powerful oath that no one will, to do Irus a favor, wickedly hit me with a heavy hand, and weaken me with strength for him.

   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 19.86–88:

     Τηλέμαχος· τὸν δ’ οὔ τις ἐνὶ μεγάροισι γυναικῶν
     λήθει ἀτασθάλλουσ’, ἐπεὶ οὐκέτι τηλίκος ἐστίν.

     Tēlémakhos; tòn d’ oú tis enì megároisi gunaikôn
     lḗthei atasthállous’, epeì oukéti tēlíkos estín.

     [disguised Odysseus to Penelope:]
     Telemachus; without whose notice none of the women in the palace does anything wicked, since he is no longer young enough for that.

Usage notes

The only forms occurring are the present present participles: ἀτασθάλλων (atasthállōn) and ἀτασθάλλουσα (atasthállousa), as seen above.

Inflection

   Present: ἀτασθάλλω

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἀτασθάλλω	ἀτασθάλλεις	ἀτασθάλλει	ἀτασθάλλετον	ἀτασθάλλετον	ἀτασθάλλομεν	ἀτασθάλλετε	ἀτασθάλλουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ἀτασθάλλω	ἀτασθάλλῃς	ἀτασθάλλῃ	ἀτασθάλλητον	ἀτασθάλλητον	ἀτασθάλλωμεν	ἀτασθάλλητε	ἀτασθάλλωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἀτασθάλλοιμῐ	ἀτασθάλλοις	ἀτασθάλλοι	ἀτασθάλλοιτον	ἀτασθαλλοίτην	ἀτασθάλλοιμεν	ἀτασθάλλοιτε	ἀτασθάλλοιεν
	imperative		ἀτάσθαλλε	ἀτασθαλλέτω	ἀτασθάλλετον	ἀτασθαλλέτων		ἀτασθάλλετε	ἀτασθαλλόντων
		active
infinitive		ἀτασθάλλειν
participle	m	ἀτασθάλλων
	f	ἀτασθάλλουσᾰ
	n	ἀτασθᾶλλον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

References

• “ἀτασθάλλω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἀτασθάλλω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ἀτασθάλλω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἀτασθάλλω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963