ἀστακός

See also: αστακός and Ἄστακος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ὀστακός (ostakós)

Etymology

Often analyzed as a derivation of ὀστέον (ostéon, “bone”) but this is highly improbable. Beekes suggests a Pre-Greek origin.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /as.ta.kós/ → /as.taˈkos/ → /as.taˈkos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /as.ta.kós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /as.taˈkos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /as.taˈkos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /as.taˈkos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /as.taˈkos/

Noun

ἀστακός • (astakós) m (genitive ἀστακοῦ); second declension

1. spiny lobster (Palinurus elephas)
2. common lobster (Homarus gammarus)
3. European crayfish (Astacus astacus)
4. (anatomy) hollow of the ear

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ ἀστακός; τοῦ ἀστακοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ἀστακός ho astakós	τὼ ἀστακώ tṑ astakṓ	οἱ ἀστακοί hoi astakoí
Genitive	τοῦ ἀστακοῦ toû astakoû	τοῖν ἀστακοῖν toîn astakoîn	τῶν ἀστακῶν tôn astakôn
Dative	τῷ ἀστακῷ tôi astakôi	τοῖν ἀστακοῖν toîn astakoîn	τοῖς ἀστακοῖς toîs astakoîs
Accusative	τὸν ἀστακόν tòn astakón	τὼ ἀστακώ tṑ astakṓ	τοὺς ἀστακούς toùs astakoús
Vocative	ἀστακέ astaké	ἀστακώ astakṓ	ἀστακοί astakoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• Greek: αστακός (astakós)
• → Latin: astacus
  • → Translingual: Astacus
• → Old Armenian: աստակոս (astakos)
  • → Armenian: աստակոս (astakos) (learned)
• → Old Georgian: ასთაკჳ (astaḳwi)
  • → Georgian: ასთაკვი (astaḳvi) (learned)
• → Ottoman Turkish: استاقوس (ıstakoz)
  • → Turkish: istakoz
  • → Armenian: ըստախօզ (əstaxōz)
• → Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic script: ја̏стог

  Latin script: jȁstog

Further reading

• “ἀστακός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ἀστακός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἀστακός in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN