ἀράχιδνα

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Related to ἄρακος (árakos, “a leguminous plant”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /a.rá.kʰi.dna/ → /aˈra.çi.ðna/ → /aˈra.çi.ðna/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /a.rá.kʰi.dna/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /aˈra.kʰi.dna/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /aˈra.çi.ðna/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /aˈra.çi.ðna/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /aˈra.çi.ðna/

Noun

ἀράχιδνα • (arákhidna) f (genitive ἀρᾰχίδνης); first declension

1. ground pea (Lathyrus amphicarpos)
   • 371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, Enquiry into Plants 1.1.7
   • 371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, Enquiry into Plants 1.6.12

Inflection

First declension of ἡ ᾰ̓ρᾰ́χῐδνᾰ; τῆς ᾰ̓ρᾰχῐ́δνης (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ᾰ̓ρᾰ́χῐδνᾰ hē arákhidna	τὼ ᾰ̓ρᾰχῐ́δνᾱ tṑ arakhídnā	αἱ ᾰ̓ρᾰ́χῐδναι hai arákhidnai
Genitive	τῆς ᾰ̓ρᾰχῐ́δνης tês arakhídnēs	τοῖν ᾰ̓ρᾰχῐ́δναιν toîn arakhídnain	τῶν ᾰ̓ρᾰχῐδνῶν tôn arakhidnôn
Dative	τῇ ᾰ̓ρᾰχῐ́δνῃ têi arakhídnēi	τοῖν ᾰ̓ρᾰχῐ́δναιν toîn arakhídnain	ταῖς ᾰ̓ρᾰχῐ́δναις taîs arakhídnais
Accusative	τὴν ᾰ̓ρᾰ́χῐδνᾰν tḕn arákhidnan	τὼ ᾰ̓ρᾰχῐ́δνᾱ tṑ arakhídnā	τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓ρᾰχῐ́δνᾱς tā̀s arakhídnās
Vocative	ᾰ̓ρᾰ́χῐδνᾰ arákhidna	ᾰ̓ρᾰχῐ́δνᾱ arakhídnā	ᾰ̓ρᾰ́χῐδναι arákhidnai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → English: arachidonic, arachidic
• → Russian: ара́хис (aráxis)
  • → Estonian: arahhis
• → French: arachide
  • → Czech: arašíd
  • → Slovak: arašid
  • → Slovene: arašid
• Translingual: Dioscorea arachidna

Further reading

• “ἀράχιδνα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ἀράχιδνα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἀράχιδνα in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)