ἀπειλή

See also: απειλή

Ancient Greek

Etymology

If related to Latvian pelt (“to revile”), the Proto-Indo-European root would be *h₂pelH- (“to speak publicly”). Assuming s-mobile, this word has further been compared with Proto-Germanic *spellą (“tale, story”) and Old Armenian առասպել (aṙaspel, “myth, legend”). In view of the many additional hypotheses required, this seems rather far-fetched.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /a.peː.lɛ̌ː/ → /a.piˈli/ → /a.piˈli/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /a.peː.lɛ̌ː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /a.piˈle̝/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /a.piˈli/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /a.piˈli/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /a.piˈli/

Noun

ἀπειλή • (apeilḗ) f (genitive ἀπειλῆς); first declension

1. (mostly in the plural) boastful promises, boasts
2. (mostly in the plural) threat, menace, threatening condition

   Synonym: βρῑ́μη (brī́mē)

Declension

First declension of ἡ ἀπειλή; τῆς ἀπειλῆς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ἀπειλή hē apeilḗ	τὼ ἀπειλᾱ́ tṑ apeilā́	αἱ ἀπειλαί hai apeilaí
Genitive	τῆς ἀπειλῆς tês apeilês	τοῖν ἀπειλαῖν toîn apeilaîn	τῶν ἀπειλῶν tôn apeilôn
Dative	τῇ ἀπειλῇ têi apeilêi	τοῖν ἀπειλαῖν toîn apeilaîn	ταῖς ἀπειλαῖς taîs apeilaîs
Accusative	τὴν ἀπειλήν tḕn apeilḗn	τὼ ἀπειλᾱ́ tṑ apeilā́	τᾱ̀ς ἀπειλᾱ́ς tā̀s apeilā́s
Vocative	ἀπειλή apeilḗ	ἀπειλᾱ́ apeilā́	ἀπειλαί apeilaí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἀπειλέω (apeiléō)
• ἀπείλημα (apeílēma)
• ἀπείλησις (apeílēsis)
• ἀπειλητήρ (apeilētḗr)
• ἀπειλητήριος (apeilētḗrios)
• ἀπειλητής (apeilētḗs)
• ἀπειλητικός (apeilētikós)

 

Descendants

• Greek: απειλή (apeilí)

References

• “ἀπειλή”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἀπειλή”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ἀπειλή in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἀπειλή in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN