ἀμβλυωπία

Ancient Greek

Etymology

ᾰ̓μβλῠωπός (ămblŭōpós, “dim-sighted”) +‎ -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā), ultimately from ἀμβλύς (amblús, “blunt, dull”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /am.bly.ɔː.pí.aː/ → /am.bly.oˈpi.a/ → /am.bli.oˈpi.a/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /am.bly.ɔː.pí.aː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /am.bly.oˈpi.a/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /am.bly.oˈpi.a/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /am.bly.oˈpi.a/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /am.bli.oˈpi.a/

Noun

ᾰ̓μβλῠωπῐ́ᾱ • (ămblŭōpĭ́ā) f (genitive ᾰ̓μβλῠωπῐ́ᾱς); first declension

1. dim-sightedness, blurred or distorted vision, myopia or astigmatism
   • 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates of Kos, Aphorisms 3.31–33
   • 400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Hippias Minor 374d
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, On Marvellous Things Heard 847a.2
   • 64 BCE – 24 CE, Strabo, Geography 16.2.41
   • 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Moralia 2.732c
   • 280 BCE – 220 BCE, Philo of Byzantium, Compendium of Mechanics 2.452
   • Thessal. 167.10
   • 155 CE – 235 CE, Cassius Dio, Collected Works 57.2.4
   • 625 CE – 690 CE, Paul of Aegina, Medical Compendium in Seven Books 3.22.25

Declension

First declension of ἡ ᾰ̓μβλῠωπῐ́ᾱ; τῆς ᾰ̓μβλῠωπῐ́ᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ᾰ̓μβλῠωπῐ́ᾱ hē ămblŭōpĭ́ā	τὼ ᾰ̓μβλῠωπῐ́ᾱ tṑ ămblŭōpĭ́ā	αἱ ᾰ̓μβλῠωπῐ́αι hai ămblŭōpĭ́ai
Genitive	τῆς ᾰ̓μβλῠωπῐ́ᾱς tês ămblŭōpĭ́ās	τοῖν ᾰ̓μβλῠωπῐ́αιν toîn ămblŭōpĭ́ain	τῶν ᾰ̓μβλῠωπῐῶν tôn ămblŭōpĭôn
Dative	τῇ ᾰ̓μβλῠωπῐ́ᾳ têi ămblŭōpĭ́āi	τοῖν ᾰ̓μβλῠωπῐ́αιν toîn ămblŭōpĭ́ain	ταῖς ᾰ̓μβλῠωπῐ́αις taîs ămblŭōpĭ́ais
Accusative	τὴν ᾰ̓μβλῠωπῐ́ᾱν tḕn ămblŭōpĭ́ān	τὼ ᾰ̓μβλῠωπῐ́ᾱ tṑ ămblŭōpĭ́ā	τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓μβλῠωπῐ́ᾱς tā̀s ămblŭōpĭ́ās
Vocative	ᾰ̓μβλῠωπῐ́ᾱ ămblŭōpĭ́ā	ᾰ̓μβλῠωπῐ́ᾱ ămblŭōpĭ́ā	ᾰ̓μβλῠωπῐ́αι ămblŭōpĭ́ai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ᾰ̓μβλῠωπητῐκός (ămblŭōpētĭkós) (Byzantine)
• ᾰ̓μβλῠωπῐάζω (ămblŭōpĭázō) (Byzantine)

Descendants

• → New Latin: amblyōpia (learned)
  • → English: amblyopia (learned)
  • → Finnish: amblyopia (learned)
  • → French: amblyopie (learned)
  • → Italian: ambliopia (learned)
  • → Portuguese: ambliopia (learned)
  • → Russian: амблиопи́я (ambliopíja) (learned)
  • → Spanish: ambliopía (learned)

References

• “ἀμβλυωπία”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ἀμβλυωπία in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)