ḫtj

See also: ḥtj

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /xɛti/
  • Conventional anglicization: kheti

Verb

 3ae inf.

1. (intransitive) to retreat

Inflection

Conjugation of ḫtj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: ḫt

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
ḫtt, ḫtj	ḫtw, ḫt	ḫtt, ḫtwt, ḫtyt	ḫt	ḫt, ḫty

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
ḫt8	ḥr ḫtt, ḥr ḫtj	m ḫtt, m ḫtj	r ḫtt, r ḫtj

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
		aspect / mood	active
perfect	ḫt.n	consecutive	ḫt.jn
terminative	ḫtt, ḫtyt
perfective3	ḫt	obligative1	ḫt.ḫr
imperfective	ḫt, ḫty
prospective3	ḫtw, ḫt, ḫty	potentialis1	ḫt.kꜣ
subjunctive	ḫt, ḫty

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
	active	active	passive
perfect	ḫt.n	—	—
perfective	ḫtw1, ḫty, ḫt	ḫt	ḫty, ḫt
imperfective	ḫt, ḫty, ḫtw5	ḫt, ḫtj6, ḫty6	ḫt, ḫtw5
prospective	ḫtw1, ḫty, ḫt, ḫttj7	ḫtwtj1 4, ḫttj4, ḫtt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Descendants

• Old Coptic: ⳋⲧⲉⲓ (çtei)

Verb

 3ae inf.

1. to carve, to engrave

Inflection

Conjugation of ḫtj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: ḫt

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
ḫtt, ḫtj	ḫtw, ḫt	ḫtt, ḫtwt, ḫtyt	ḫt	ḫt, ḫty

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
ḫt8	ḥr ḫtt, ḥr ḫtj	m ḫtt, m ḫtj	r ḫtt, r ḫtj

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
		aspect / mood	active
perfect	ḫt.n	consecutive	ḫt.jn
terminative	ḫtt, ḫtyt
perfective3	ḫt	obligative1	ḫt.ḫr
imperfective	ḫt, ḫty
prospective3	ḫtw, ḫt, ḫty	potentialis1	ḫt.kꜣ
subjunctive	ḫt, ḫty

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
	active	active	passive
perfect	ḫt.n	—	—
perfective	ḫtw1, ḫty, ḫt	ḫt	ḫty, ḫt
imperfective	ḫt, ḫty, ḫtw5	ḫt, ḫtj6, ḫty6	ḫt, ḫtw5
prospective	ḫtw1, ḫty, ḫt, ḫttj7	ḫtwtj1 4, ḫttj4, ḫtt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Descendants

• ⇒ Demotic: štšt
  • Bohairic Coptic: ϣⲟⲧϣⲉⲧ (šotšet)
  • Sahidic Coptic: ϣⲟⲧϣⲧ (šotšt), ϣⲟϫⲧ (šočt)

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 234.
• Crum, Walter E. (1939) A Coptic Dictionary‎^[1], Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, page 599