ḫpj

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /xɛpi/
  • Conventional anglicization: khepi

Verb

 3ae inf.

1. (intransitive) to travel, to walk
2. (intransitive, euphemistic) to die, to pass away
   • c. 2015 B.C.E., Meru, Stela of Meru (Turin 1447), textfield lines 2-4:

     
     
     

     j ꜥnḫw tp(j)w tꜣ
     wnnt(j).s⟨n⟩ m šmsw n(j) ḫnt(j)-jmntjw n(j) wp-wꜣwt mrrw ꜥnḫ msḏḏw ḫpt
     wꜥbw nw nṯr-ꜥꜣ ḥmw-nṯr nbw nw ꜣbḏw

     O living ones who are on the earth,
     who will be in the retinue of Khentamentiu and Wepwawet, who love life and hate dying,
     cleaner-priests of the elder god and all priests of Abydos!

Inflection

Conjugation of ḫpj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: ḫp, geminated stem: ḫpp

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
ḫpt, ḫpj	ḫpw, ḫp	ḫpt, ḫpwt, ḫpyt	ḫp	ḫp, ḫpy

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
ḫp8, ḫpp8	ḥr ḫpt, ḥr ḫpj	m ḫpt, m ḫpj	r ḫpt, r ḫpj

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
		aspect / mood	active
perfect	ḫp.n	consecutive	ḫp.jn
terminative	ḫpt, ḫpyt
perfective3	ḫp	obligative1	ḫp.ḫr
imperfective	ḫp, ḫpy
prospective3	ḫpw, ḫp, ḫpy	potentialis1	ḫp.kꜣ
subjunctive	ḫp, ḫpy

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
	active	active	passive
perfect	ḫp.n	—	—
perfective	ḫpw1, ḫpy, ḫp	ḫp	ḫpy, ḫp
imperfective	ḫpp, ḫppy, ḫppw5	ḫpp, ḫppj6, ḫppy6	ḫpp, ḫppw5
prospective	ḫpw1, ḫpy, ḫp, ḫptj7	ḫpwtj1 4, ḫptj4, ḫpt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḫpj  

ḫpj

meaning ‘to die’

Derived terms

• sḫpj

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 158, 255.