ḫarrānum

Akkadian

Etymology

Unknown. Compare Biblical Hebrew הָרָן (ḥɔrɔ́n, “Haran, a Biblical place name”).

Pronunciation

• (Old Babylonian) IPA^(key): /χarˈraː.num/

Noun

ḫarrānum f (plural ḫarrānātum) (from Old Akkadian on)

1. road, way, path

   𒄩𒊏𒉡𒌝 𒄿𒊬𒌈

   ḫa-ra-nu-um i-šar-tum

   /ḫarrānum išartum/

   the right path (the right behaviour)

   1. (astronomy) path (of heavenly bodies)
2. journey, trip, travel
   1. (Old Assyrian, Old Babylonian) journey-money
   2. (Neo-Babylonian) trading capital
   3. business venture
3. military expedition/campaign

   𒆜 𒀀𒆷𒆪𒌝 ― KASKAL a-la-ku-um /ḫarrānam alākum/ ― to perform military service (literally, “to go (on) military expedition”)

   𒆜 𒍝𒁀𒌈 ― KASKAL ṣa-ba-tum /ḫarrānam ṣabātum/ ― to take to the road, undertake a campaign

4. caravan
5. (mathematics) times

Alternative forms

• ḫarrānu (non-mimated)

Cuneiform spellings

Logograms	Phonetic
𒆜 (KASKAL) 𒆜𒆠 (KASKAL.KI) (Old Akkadian)	𒄩𒅈𒊏𒉡𒌝 (ḫa-ar-ra-nu-um) 𒄩𒊏𒉡𒌝 (ḫa-ra-nu-um) 𒄯𒊏𒉡 (ḫar-ra-nu)

Synonyms

• gerrum

Related terms

• ša ḫarrānātim (“caravan leader”)

 

Descendants

• → Sumerian: 𒄯𒊏𒀭 (ḫar-ra-an /⁠ḫarran⁠/)

References

• “ḫarrānu”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD)‎^[1], Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1956–2011
• Black, Jeremy, George, Andrew, Postgate, Nicholas (2000) “ḫarrānu(m)”, in A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian, 2nd corrected edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag
• Huehnergard, John (2011) A Grammar of Akkadian (Harvard Semitic Studies; 45), 3rd edition, Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns