ḥꜣbj

Egyptian

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈħiʀbit/ → /ˈħiʀbiʔ/ → /ˈħiːba/ → /ˈħiːβə/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈħiʀbit/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈħiʀbiʔ/
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈħiːba/
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈħiːβə/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /hɑbi/
  • Conventional anglicization: habi

Verb

 4ae inf.

1. (intransitive) to celebrate a festival

Inflection

Conjugation of ḥꜣbj (fourth weak / 4ae inf. / IV. inf.) — base stem: ḥꜣb

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
ḥꜣbt, ḥꜣbj	ḥꜣbw, ḥꜣbyw, ḥꜣb	ḥꜣbt, ḥꜣbwt, ḥꜣbyt	ḥꜣb	ḥꜣb, ḥꜣby

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
ḥꜣb8	ḥr ḥꜣbt, ḥr ḥꜣbj	m ḥꜣbt, ḥr ḥꜣbj	r ḥꜣbt, ḥr ḥꜣbj

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
		aspect / mood	active
perfect	ḥꜣb.n	consecutive	ḥꜣb.jn
terminative	ḥꜣbt
perfective3	ḥꜣb	obligative1	ḥꜣb.ḫr
imperfective	ḥꜣb, ḥꜣby
prospective3	ḥꜣbw, ḥꜣb, ḥꜣby	potentialis1	ḥꜣb.kꜣ
subjunctive	ḥꜣb, ḥꜣby

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
	active	active	passive
perfect	ḥꜣb.n	—	—
perfective	ḥꜣbw1, ḥꜣby, ḥꜣb	ḥꜣb	ḥꜣby, ḥꜣb
imperfective	ḥꜣb, ḥꜣby, ḥꜣbw5	ḥꜣb, ḥꜣbj6, ḥꜣby6	ḥꜣb, ḥꜣbw5
prospective	ḥꜣbw1, ḥꜣby, ḥꜣb, ḥꜣbtj7	ḥꜣbwtj1 4, ḥꜣbtj4, ḥꜣbt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḥꜣbj  

ḥꜣbj

Derived terms

• sḥꜣbj

Verb

 4ae inf.

1. (intransitive or transitive) to mourn

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḥꜣbj  

ḥꜣbj

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 275.
• Gardiner, Alan (1957) Egyptian Grammar: Being an Introduction to the Study of Hieroglyphs, third edition, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 527
• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1929) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 3, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 60.12–60.16, 61.12–61.14
• "ḥꜣbi̯ (to mourn)" at Ancient Egyptian Dictionary (103320); "ḥꜣbi̯ (to be in festival)" at Ancient Egyptian Dictionary (103560)