ཞེ་ས

Kurtöp

Etymology

Borrowed from Tibetan ཞེ་ས (zhe sa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [çè.sɐ]

Noun

ཞེ་ས (zhesa)

1. honorific, high register

See also

• ཕེལ་ཀེ (phelke, “low register”)

References

• Gwendolyn Hyslop (2017) A grammar of Kurtöp, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 88

Tibetan

Etymology

ཞེ (zhe, “mind, mood”) +‎ ས (sa, “field, object”); semantically identified as "an object for which one has respect from the bottom of one's mind" or "an object worthy of respect from the bottom of one's mind". May also be a phonetic shift from རྗེ་ས (rje sa).

Pronunciation

• Old Tibetan: /*ʑe.sa/
• Lhasa: /ɕe˩˧˨.saˑ/

---

• Old Tibetan:
  • IPA^(key): /*ʑe.sa/ (reconstructed)
• Ü-Tsang
  • Tibetan pinyin: xe^w-sa
  • (Lhasa) IPA^(key): /ɕe˩˧˨.saˑ/

Noun

ཞེ་ས • (zhe sa)

1. respect, deference, honor
2. (language) honorific

   ཞེ་ས་རྒྱག

   zhe sa rgyag

   to speak in honorifics / with honorific language

Descendants

• → Kurtöp: ཞེ་ས (zhesa)

See also

• ཆོས་སྐད (chos skad)
• སྤྱི་སྐད (spyi skad)
• ཕལ་སྐད (phal skad)
• ཡིག་སྐད (yig skad)
• ཡུལ་སྐད (yul skad)

References

• “ཞེ་ས” in The Tibetan Living Dictionary, Mandala Collections, 2021.
• Goldstein, Melvyn; Narkyid, Ngawangthondup (1984). English-Tibetan Dictionary of Modern Tibetan. University of California Press. Page 241. →ISBN