शून

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• শূন (Assamese script)
• ᬰᬹᬦ (Balinese script)
• শূন (Bengali script)
• 𑰫𑰳𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀰𑀽𑀦 (Brahmi script)
• ၐူန (Burmese script)
• શૂન (Gujarati script)
• ਸ਼ੂਨ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌶𑍂𑌨 (Grantha script)
• ꦯꦹꦤ (Javanese script)
• 𑂬𑂴𑂢 (Kaithi script)
• ಶೂನ (Kannada script)
• ឝូន (Khmer script)
• ຨູນ (Lao script)
• ശൂന (Malayalam script)
• ᡧᡠᡠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘫𑘴𑘡 (Modi script)
• ᠱᠤᠤᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧋𑧕𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐱𑐹𑐣 (Newa script)
• ଶୂନ (Odia script)
• ꢯꢹꢥ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆯𑆷𑆤 (Sharada script)
• 𑖫𑖳𑖡 (Siddham script)
• ශූන (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩿𑩒𑩛𑩯 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚧𑚱𑚝 (Takri script)
• ஶூந (Tamil script)
• శూన (Telugu script)
• ศูน (Thai script)
• ཤཱུ་ན (Tibetan script)
• 𑒬𑒴𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨮𑨃𑨊𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *ḱewh₁-

Proto-Indo-European *-nós

Sanskrit शून (śūna)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *ḱuh₁-nó-s (“swollen, hollowed”). Compare Ancient Greek κῦμα (kûma).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕuː.nɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɕuː.n̪ɐ/

Participle

शून • (śūná) past passive participle (root शू)

1. swelled, swollen

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of शून

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	शूनः (śūnáḥ)	शूनौ (śūnaú) शूना¹ (śūnā́¹)	शूनाः (śūnā́ḥ) शूनासः¹ (śūnā́saḥ¹)
vocative	शून (śū́na)	शूनौ (śū́nau) शूना¹ (śū́nā¹)	शूनाः (śū́nāḥ) शूनासः¹ (śū́nāsaḥ¹)
accusative	शूनम् (śūnám)	शूनौ (śūnaú) शूना¹ (śūnā́¹)	शूनान् (śūnā́n)
instrumental	शूनेन (śūnéna)	शूनाभ्याम् (śūnā́bhyām)	शूनैः (śūnaíḥ) शूनेभिः¹ (śūnébhiḥ¹)
dative	शूनाय (śūnā́ya)	शूनाभ्याम् (śūnā́bhyām)	शूनेभ्यः (śūnébhyaḥ)
ablative	शूनात् (śūnā́t)	शूनाभ्याम् (śūnā́bhyām)	शूनेभ्यः (śūnébhyaḥ)
genitive	शूनस्य (śūnásya)	शूनयोः (śūnáyoḥ)	शूनानाम् (śūnā́nām)
locative	शूने (śūné)	शूनयोः (śūnáyoḥ)	शूनेषु (śūnéṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of शूना

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	शूना (śūnā́)	शूने (śūné)	शूनाः (śūnā́ḥ)
vocative	शूने (śū́ne)	शूने (śū́ne)	शूनाः (śū́nāḥ)
accusative	शूनाम् (śūnā́m)	शूने (śūné)	शूनाः (śūnā́ḥ)
instrumental	शूनया (śūnáyā) शूना¹ (śūnā́¹)	शूनाभ्याम् (śūnā́bhyām)	शूनाभिः (śūnā́bhiḥ)
dative	शूनायै (śūnā́yai)	शूनाभ्याम् (śūnā́bhyām)	शूनाभ्यः (śūnā́bhyaḥ)
ablative	शूनायाः (śūnā́yāḥ) शूनायै² (śūnā́yai²)	शूनाभ्याम् (śūnā́bhyām)	शूनाभ्यः (śūnā́bhyaḥ)
genitive	शूनायाः (śūnā́yāḥ) शूनायै² (śūnā́yai²)	शूनयोः (śūnáyoḥ)	शूनानाम् (śūnā́nām)
locative	शूनायाम् (śūnā́yām)	शूनयोः (śūnáyoḥ)	शूनासु (śūnā́su)

• ¹Vedic
• ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of शून

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	शूनम् (śūnám)	शूने (śūné)	शूनानि (śūnā́ni) शूना¹ (śūnā́¹)
vocative	शून (śū́na)	शूने (śū́ne)	शूनानि (śū́nāni) शूना¹ (śū́nā¹)
accusative	शूनम् (śūnám)	शूने (śūné)	शूनानि (śūnā́ni) शूना¹ (śūnā́¹)
instrumental	शूनेन (śūnéna)	शूनाभ्याम् (śūnā́bhyām)	शूनैः (śūnaíḥ) शूनेभिः¹ (śūnébhiḥ¹)
dative	शूनाय (śūnā́ya)	शूनाभ्याम् (śūnā́bhyām)	शूनेभ्यः (śūnébhyaḥ)
ablative	शूनात् (śūnā́t)	शूनाभ्याम् (śūnā́bhyām)	शूनेभ्यः (śūnébhyaḥ)
genitive	शूनस्य (śūnásya)	शूनयोः (śūnáyoḥ)	शूनानाम् (śūnā́nām)
locative	शूने (śūné)	शूनयोः (śūnáyoḥ)	शूनेषु (śūnéṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Derived terms

• प्रशून (praśūna, “swollen”)
• संशून (saṃśūna, “swollen”)
• शून्य (śūnya, “zero, empty”)

Descendants

• Pali: सून (sūna)
• Prakrit: सूण (sūṇa)

References

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “śūná”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
• Monier Williams (1899) “शून”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page {{{1}}}.