शार्दूली

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• শাৰ্দূলী (Assamese script)
• ᬰᬵᬃᬤᬹᬮᬷ (Balinese script)
• শার্দূলী (Bengali script)
• 𑰫𑰯𑰨𑰿𑰟𑰳𑰩𑰱 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀰𑀸𑀭𑁆𑀤𑀽𑀮𑀻 (Brahmi script)
• ၐာရ်္ဒူလီ (Burmese script)
• શાર્દૂલી (Gujarati script)
• ਸ਼ਾਰ੍ਦੂਲੀ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌶𑌾𑌰𑍍𑌦𑍂𑌲𑍀 (Grantha script)
• ꦯꦴꦂꦢꦹꦭꦷ (Javanese script)
• 𑂬𑂰𑂩𑂹𑂠𑂴𑂪𑂲 (Kaithi script)
• ಶಾರ್ದೂಲೀ (Kannada script)
• ឝាទ៌ូលី (Khmer script)
• ຨາຣ຺ທູລີ (Lao script)
• ശാര്ദൂലീ (Malayalam script)
• ᡧᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡵᡩᡠᡠᠯᡳᡳ (Manchu script)
• 𑘫𑘰𑘨𑘿𑘟𑘴𑘩𑘲 (Modi script)
• ᠱᠠᢗᠷᢑᠤᠤᠯᠢᠢ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧋𑧑𑧈𑧠𑦿𑧕𑧉𑧓 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐱𑐵𑐬𑑂𑐡𑐹𑐮𑐷 (Newa script)
• ଶାର୍ଦୂଲୀ (Odia script)
• ꢯꢵꢬ꣄ꢣꢹꢭꢷ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆯𑆳𑆫𑇀𑆢𑆷𑆬𑆵 (Sharada script)
• 𑖫𑖯𑖨𑖿𑖟𑖳𑖩𑖱 (Siddham script)
• ශාර්‍දූලී (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩿𑩛𑩼 𑪙𑩭𑩒𑩛𑩽𑩑𑩛 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚧𑚭𑚤𑚶𑚛𑚱𑚥𑚯 (Takri script)
• ஶார்தூ³லீ (Tamil script)
• శార్దూలీ (Telugu script)
• ศารฺทูลี (Thai script)
• ཤཱ་རྡཱུ་ལཱི (Tibetan script)
• 𑒬𑒰𑒩𑓂𑒠𑒴𑒪𑒲 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨮𑨊𑨫𑩇𑨛𑨃𑨊𑨬𑨁𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Feminine of शार्दूल m (śārdūlá).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕɑːɾ.duː.liː/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɕɑːɾˈd̪uː.l̪iː/

Noun

शार्दूली • (śārdūlī) stem, f (masculine शार्दूल)

1. a tigress
2. the mythical mother of tigers and other beasts of prey
   • c. 500 BCE – 100 BCE, Rāmāyaṇa 3.13:

     अपत्यं तु मृगाः सर्वे मृग्या नरवरोत्तम
     ऋक्षाश्च मृगमन्दायाः सृमराश्चमरास्तथा
     ततस्त्विरावतीं नाम जज्ञे भद्रमदा सुताम्
     तस्यास्त्वैरावतः पुत्रो लोकनाथो महागजः
     हर्याश्च हरयोऽपत्यं वानराश्च तरस्विनः
     गोलाङ्गूलांश्च शार्दूली व्याघ्रांश्चाजनयत् सुतान्
     मातङ्ग्यास्त्वथ मातङ्गा अपत्यं मनुजर्षभ
     दिशागजांश्च काकुत्स्थ श्वेताप्यजनयत् सुतान्
     ततो दुहितरौ राम सुरभिर्द्वे व्यजायत

     apatyaṃ tu mṛgāḥ sarve mṛgyā naravarottama
     ṛkṣāśca mṛgamandāyāḥ sṛmarāścamarāstathā
     tatastvirāvatīṃ nāma jajñe bhadramadā sutām
     tasyāstvairāvataḥ putro lokanātho mahāgajaḥ
     haryāśca harayoʼpatyaṃ vānarāśca tarasvinaḥ
     golāṅgūlāṃśca śārdūlī vyāghrāṃścājanayat sutān
     mātaṅgyāstvatha mātaṅgā apatyaṃ manujarṣabha
     diśāgajāṃśca kākutstha śvetāpyajanayat sutān
     tato duhitarau rāma surabhirdve vyajāyata

     Mṛgī, O prince without a peer,
     Was mother of the herds of deer,
     The bear, the yak, the mountain roe
     Their birth to Mṛgamandā owe;
     And Bhadramadā joyed to be
     Mother of fair Irāvatī,
     Who bore Airāvat, huge of mould,
     Mid warders of the earth enrolled,
     From Harī lordly lions trace,
     With monkeys of the wild, their race.
     From the great dame Śārdūlī styled
     Sprung pards, langurs, and tigers wild.
     Mātangi, Prince, gave birth to all
     Mātangas, elephants strong and tall,
     And Śvetā bore the beasts who stand
     One at each wind, earth's warder band.
     Next Surabhī the Goddess bore
     Two heavenly maids, O Prince, of yore

   • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata 1.60:

     प्रजज्ञे त्वथ शार्दूली सिंहान्व्याघ्रांश्च भारत ।

     prajajñe tvatha śārdūlī siṃhānvyāghrāṃśca bhārata.

     And Śārdūlī begot lions and tigers in numbers, and also leopards and all other strong animals, O Bhārata.

Declension

Feminine ī-stem declension of शार्दूली (śārdūlī)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शार्दूली śārdūlī	शार्दूल्यौ / शार्दूली¹ śārdūlyau / śārdūlī¹	शार्दूल्यः / शार्दूलीः¹ śārdūlyaḥ / śārdūlīḥ¹
Vocative	शार्दूलि śārdūli	शार्दूल्यौ / शार्दूली¹ śārdūlyau / śārdūlī¹	शार्दूल्यः / शार्दूलीः¹ śārdūlyaḥ / śārdūlīḥ¹
Accusative	शार्दूलीम् śārdūlīm	शार्दूल्यौ / शार्दूली¹ śārdūlyau / śārdūlī¹	शार्दूलीः śārdūlīḥ
Instrumental	शार्दूल्या śārdūlyā	शार्दूलीभ्याम् śārdūlībhyām	शार्दूलीभिः śārdūlībhiḥ
Dative	शार्दूल्यै śārdūlyai	शार्दूलीभ्याम् śārdūlībhyām	शार्दूलीभ्यः śārdūlībhyaḥ
Ablative	शार्दूल्याः / शार्दूल्यै² śārdūlyāḥ / śārdūlyai²	शार्दूलीभ्याम् śārdūlībhyām	शार्दूलीभ्यः śārdūlībhyaḥ
Genitive	शार्दूल्याः / शार्दूल्यै² śārdūlyāḥ / śārdūlyai²	शार्दूल्योः śārdūlyoḥ	शार्दूलीनाम् śārdūlīnām
Locative	शार्दूल्याम् śārdūlyām	शार्दूल्योः śārdūlyoḥ	शार्दूलीषु śārdūlīṣu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899) “शार्दूली”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1067/1.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “śārdūlá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press