शराव

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

শৰাৱ (Assamese script)
ᬰᬭᬵᬯ (Balinese script)
শরাব (Bengali script)
𑰫𑰨𑰯𑰪 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀰𑀭𑀸𑀯 (Brahmi script)
ၐရာဝ (Burmese script)
શરાવ (Gujarati script)
ਸ਼ਰਾਵ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌶𑌰𑌾𑌵 (Grantha script)
ꦯꦫꦴꦮ (Javanese script)
𑂬𑂩𑂰𑂫 (Kaithi script)
ಶರಾವ (Kannada script)
ឝរាវ (Khmer script)
ຨຣາວ (Lao script)
ശരാവ (Malayalam script)
ᡧᠠᡵᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠸᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘫𑘨𑘰𑘪 (Modi script)
ᠱᠠᠷᠠᢗᠸᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑧋𑧈𑧑𑧊 (Nandinagari script)
𑐱𑐬𑐵𑐰 (Newa script)
ଶରାଵ (Odia script)
ꢯꢬꢵꢮ (Saurashtra script)
𑆯𑆫𑆳𑆮 (Sharada script)
𑖫𑖨𑖯𑖪 (Siddham script)
ශරාව (Sinhalese script)
𑩿𑩼𑩛𑩾 (Soyombo script)
𑚧𑚤𑚭𑚦 (Takri script)
ஶராவ (Tamil script)
శరావ (Telugu script)
ศราว (Thai script)
ཤ་རཱ་ཝ (Tibetan script)
𑒬𑒩𑒰𑒫 (Tirhuta script)
𑨮𑨫𑨊𑨭 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Of disputed origin.^[1] The word appears to be built off of an unattested root form *शर् (śar) of uncertain interpretation, whence also perhaps शालाजिर (śālājira, “a kind of dish”); Mayrhofer tentatively favors taking the words as derivatives of शॄ (śṝ, “to crush, shatter”), thus with dishes interpreted as "shards". Other theories deriving the words from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to cover”) or relating them to Ancient Greek κέρνος (kérnos, “kernos, dish with pots”) appear less likely.^[2] Compare also Waigali ćari (“water pot”) (< *carāwikā).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕɐ́.ɾɑː.ʋɐ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɕɐ.ɾɑː.ʋɐ/

Noun

शराव • (śárāva) stem, m or n

a shallow cup, dish, plate, platter, earthenware vessel
1. the flat cover or lid of any such vessel
a measure equal to two Prasthas or one Kuḍava

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of शराव
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	शरावः (śarāvaḥ)	शरावौ (śarāvau) शरावा¹ (śarāvā¹)	शरावाः (śarāvāḥ) शरावासः¹ (śarāvāsaḥ¹)
vocative	शराव (śarāva)	शरावौ (śarāvau) शरावा¹ (śarāvā¹)	शरावाः (śarāvāḥ) शरावासः¹ (śarāvāsaḥ¹)
accusative	शरावम् (śarāvam)	शरावौ (śarāvau) शरावा¹ (śarāvā¹)	शरावान् (śarāvān)
instrumental	शरावेण (śarāveṇa)	शरावाभ्याम् (śarāvābhyām)	शरावैः (śarāvaiḥ) शरावेभिः¹ (śarāvebhiḥ¹)
dative	शरावाय (śarāvāya)	शरावाभ्याम् (śarāvābhyām)	शरावेभ्यः (śarāvebhyaḥ)
ablative	शरावात् (śarāvāt)	शरावाभ्याम् (śarāvābhyām)	शरावेभ्यः (śarāvebhyaḥ)
genitive	शरावस्य (śarāvasya)	शरावयोः (śarāvayoḥ)	शरावाणाम् (śarāvāṇām)
locative	शरावे (śarāve)	शरावयोः (śarāvayoḥ)	शरावेषु (śarāveṣu)

¹Vedic

Neuter a-stem declension of शराव
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	शरावम् (śarāvam)	शरावे (śarāve)	शरावाणि (śarāvāṇi) शरावा¹ (śarāvā¹)
vocative	शराव (śarāva)	शरावे (śarāve)	शरावाणि (śarāvāṇi) शरावा¹ (śarāvā¹)
accusative	शरावम् (śarāvam)	शरावे (śarāve)	शरावाणि (śarāvāṇi) शरावा¹ (śarāvā¹)
instrumental	शरावेण (śarāveṇa)	शरावाभ्याम् (śarāvābhyām)	शरावैः (śarāvaiḥ) शरावेभिः¹ (śarāvebhiḥ¹)
dative	शरावाय (śarāvāya)	शरावाभ्याम् (śarāvābhyām)	शरावेभ्यः (śarāvebhyaḥ)
ablative	शरावात् (śarāvāt)	शरावाभ्याम् (śarāvābhyām)	शरावेभ्यः (śarāvebhyaḥ)
genitive	शरावस्य (śarāvasya)	शरावयोः (śarāvayoḥ)	शरावाणाम् (śarāvāṇām)
locative	शरावे (śarāve)	शरावयोः (śarāvayoḥ)	शरावेषु (śarāveṣu)

¹Vedic

Descendants

→ Proto-Japonic: *sara (“plate”) (possibly)
- Old Japanese: 皿, 盤 (sara)
  - Japanese: 皿, 盤 (sara)
- Proto-Ryukyuan: *sara
  - Northern Ryukyuan:
    - Kikai: 皿, 盤 (sara)
    - Kunigami: 皿, 盤 (sarā)
    - Northern Amami Ōshima: 皿, 盤 (sara)
    - Okinawan: 皿, 盤 (sara)
    - Okinoerabu: 皿, 盤 (sara)
    - Southern Amami Ōshima: 皿, 盤 (sara)
    - Tokunoshima: 皿, 盤 (sharā)
    - Yoron: 皿, 盤 (sara)
  - Southern Ryukyuan:
    - Miyako: 皿, 盤 (sara)
    - Yaeyama: 皿, 盤 (sara)
    - Yonaguni: 皿, 盤 (sara)
^[3]

References

^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “śárāva”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 617
^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976) “śárāvaḥ”, in Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎^[2] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 307
^ Samuel E. Martin (1987) The Japanese Language Through Time, New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 518